Temporal, Infratemporal, Pterygopalatine Fossae Flashcards
Temporal and Infratemporal fossae
Location
- Interconnected Spaces
- Temporal fossa
- Superior
- Related to temple
- Above zygomatic arch
- Infratemporal Fossa
- Inferior
- Wedge-shaped space
- Deep to masseter and ramus of mandible
Border of temporal Fossa
5 borders
- Superior border
- Superior to temporal line
- Inferior border
- Zygomatic arch
- Anterior border
- Frontal process of zygomatic bone
- Zygomatic process of frontal
- Posterior border
- Superior temporal line
- Medial border
- Temporal bone, frontal bone, parietal bone and greater wing of sphenoid
Contents of temporal fossa
Temporalis m
Arterial and venous supply to temporal fossa
3 Arteries
5 Veins
- Superficial temporal a (ECA)
- Middle temporal a.
- Deep temporal ant and post (Maxillary a.)
- Venous draingae
- Superficial temporal v.
- Middle temporal v
- Deep temporal (Ant/post)
- Maxillary vein
Innervation of temporal fossa
Motor and Cutaneous
- Deep temporal nerves (V3)
- Motor to temporalis
- Auriculotemporal nerve (V3)
- Cutaneous
- Zygomaticotemporal n (V2)
- Cutaneous
Borders of Infratemporal
Superior/roof
Inferior/floor
- Superior roof
- Greater wing of sphenoid
- Foramen ovale and spinosum
- Inferior/floor
- No anatomic floor
- Ends where medial pterygoid attaches to mandible
Borders of infratemporal fossa
Lateral and medial walls
- Lateral
- Ramus
- Coronoid process
- Medial
- Lateral pterygoid palate
- Superior constrictor muscle
- Palatine bone
Borders of infratemporal fossa
Anterior and posterior walls
- Anterior
- Posterior maxilla
- POsterior
- Temporal Bone
Infratemporal fossa
Bony landmarks 6
- Foramen ovale
- Foramen spinosum
- Mandibular fossa
- Inferior temporal fissure
- Petrotympanic fissure
- Pterygomaxillary fissure
Sphenomandibular ligament
what is it
Attachment
- Extracapsular ligament of TMJ
- Attaches to sphenoid bone and lingula of mandible
Foramen Ovale Contents 4
- Mandibular nerve V3
- Lesser petrosal n. CN 9
- Emissary veins
- Traveling from cavernous sinus–> pterygoid plexus
- Otic ganglion is inferior to ovale
Mandibular fossa
TMJ
Petrotympanic fissure contents
3
- Chorda tympani CN 7
- Anterior tympanic artery
Foramen Spinnosum contents 3
- Middle meningeal a. through loop of auriculotemporal nerve
- Middle meningeal v.
- Meningeal nerve V3
Inferior orbital fissure contents
4
- Zygomatic n and infraorbital n of V2
- Ascending branches of pterygopalatine ganglion
- Infraorbital vessels
- Inferior division of opthalmic vein (directly connects to cavernous sinus?)
Pterygomaxillary fissure of Infratemporal fossa
What does it serve as
Contents 4
- Doorway between infratemporal fossa and pterygopalatine fossa
- Structures
- PSA n from V2
- PSA a and v
- 3rd part of Maxillary artery, PSA only
- Pterygoid plexus
Infratemporal fossa arterial supply
- Mandibular of maxillary
- all branches
- Pterygoid of maxillary a
- all branches
- Pterygopalatine of maxillary a
- ONLY PSA
Venous drainage of infratemporal fossa
- Pterygoid plexus
- Communicates with cavernous sinus
- Pharyngeal venous plexus
- facial v
- Opthalmic v
- Communicates with cavernous sinus
- Most common site of hematomas from intraoral injections (PSA)
Innervation of infratemporal fossa 5
- V2
- V3 (passes through foramen ovale)
- CN VII
- CN IX
- Otic ganglion
Pterygopalatine fossa
boundaries
- Superior/roof
- Greater wing of sphenoid, palatine
- Inferior, floor
- Pyramidal process of palatine
- Anterior
- Maxilla
- Posterior
- Pterygoid plates, Sphenoid
- Medial
- Palatine
- Lateral
- none
- opens to infratemporal fossa, pterygomaxillary fissure
Pterygopalatine contents
3
- Maxillary nerve V2
- Maxillary artery
- Pterygopalatine ganglion
Pterygopalatine fossa 7 openings
- Inferior orbital
- Sphenopalatine foramen
- Foramen rotundum
- Pterygoid canal
- Palatovaginal canal
- Palatine canal
- Pterygomaxillary foramen
Foramen rotundum***
connects
structures
- Connects pterygopalatine fossa to middle cranial fossa
- Maxillary nerve V2
Pterygoid canal
Connects
Contains 2
- Connects to middle cranial fossa of cranial cavity
- Vidian n. (Nerve of pterygoid)
- Pierces cartilage covering foramen lacerum
- Pterygoid artery
Palatovaginal canal
Connects to
Contains 2
- Connects to nasopharynx
- Pharyngeal nerve
- Pharyngeal artery
Palatine canal
Connects to
Contains 3
- Connects to roof of oral cavity (palate)
- Greater/ Lesser Palatine n. V2
- Greater lesser palatine artery
- Greater/lesser palatine vein
Pterygomaxillary fissure of Pterygopalatine fossa
Connects to
Contains 4
- Connects to infratemporal fossa
- PSA n. V2
- PSA artery, 3rd branch of Max. a
- PSA vein
- Pterygoid Plexus
Infraorbital fissure
Connects to
Contains 5
- Connects to floor of orbit
- Zygomatic n. V2
- Infraorbital V2
- Pterygopalatine ganglion branches
- Infraorbital vessels
- Inferior opthalmic vein
Sphenopalatine foramen
Connects to
Contains
- Connects to nasal cavity
- Nasopalatine n. V2
- Sphenopalatine vessels
Arterial supply to Pterygopalatine fossa
3rd branch of maxillary artery
Innervation of Pterygopalatine fossa
V2
