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Head and Neck 2 > Embryo > Flashcards

Embryo Flashcards

1
Q

Pharyngeal Apparatus

Consists of 4

A
  • Pharyngeal
    • Arches
    • Pouches
    • Grooves
    • Membranes
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2
Q

Beining of pharyngeal arch development

A
  • Begin as neural crest cells migrate to heand and neck region from posterior/dorsal neural tube
    *
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3
Q

Rapid proliferation of mesenchyme begin to form prominences then 4 more steps

A
  • Stomadeum forms into the embryo laying ectoderm throughout oral cavity
  • Most of oral cavity will come from ectoderm (peridontum, enamel)
  • Stomadeum and pharynx are seperated by buccopharyngeal membrane
  • Buccopharyngeal membrane ruptures opening to oropharynx
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4
Q

1st pharyngeal arch develops 2

A
  • The mandibular arch, 1st arch develops
    • Maxillary and mandibular prominences
    • Plays major role in facial development
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5
Q

2nd pharyngeal arch contributes to

A

The hyoid arch contributes to formation of hyoid bone

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6
Q

Arches are what encased in what

Each arch has

A

Arches are mesenchyme encased in external ectoderm and internal endoderm

Ea contains

Nerve artery cartilage muscle

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7
Q

the 5 arches form which CN

A
  • 1–> Trigeminal 5
  • 2–> Facial nerve 7
  • 3–> Glossopharyngeal 12
  • 4–> Vagus 10
  • 5–> Vagus 10, arch will degenerate
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8
Q

arches and arteries they form

A
  • 1–> maxillary artery
  • 2–> Stapedial artery then corticotypanic art
  • 3–> carotid artery
  • 4–> part of aorta and right subclavian
  • 5–> pulmonary artery
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9
Q

Derivatives are formations originating from

A
  • Clefts/grooves –> external ectoderm
  • Pouches –> internal endoderm
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10
Q

Clefts 1, 2, 3, 4 form

A
  • cleft 1
    • forms external auditory meatus
  • Pharyngeal arch 2
    • rapid mesenchyme proliferation grows over remaining clefts
  • Clefts 2-4
    • form cervical sinus that resorbs
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11
Q

Pharyngeal pouches 1-4 form

A
  • pouch 1
    • Pharyngotympanic tune
  • Pouch 2
    • Palatine tonsil
  • Pouch 3
    • Inferior parathyroid gland and thyus
  • Pouch 4
    • Superior parathyroid gland and ultimo branchial body
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12
Q

Thyroid development and migration

A
  • Primitive thyroiod forms at midline of pharynx just below tuberculum impar
  • Thyroid migrates through foramen cecum to below circoid
  • Migration forms thyroglossal duct
  • Can form thyroglossal duct cyst on MIDLINE
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13
Q

Oral part of tongue development

A

Develps from fusion of lateral lingual swellings and median tongue bud (tuberculum impar) from arch 1

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14
Q

Pharyngeal part of tongue development

A
  • From Copula/hypobranchial eminence
  • Muscles of tongue arise from occipital somites
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15
Q

Development of skull

Neurocranium and Viscercranium**

A
  • Neuro cranium-encases brain
    • Membraneous neurocranium (flat bones)
    • Cartilaginous neurocranium (Chondocranium-base of skull)
    • These 2 are partly from Neural crest cells and partly somitomeres (mesoderm)
  • Vescerocranium face
    • Entirely Neural crest cells
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16
Q

Chranioschisis

Craniosynotosis

A
  • Cranioschisis
    • cranial vault fails to form
  • Craniosynotosis
    • Premature closure of suures
17
Q

Nasla and oral cavity form from

A
  • Nasal olfactory placode
    • Nose
  • Stomadeum
    • oral cavity
  • Pharyngeal arch 1
    • Max and mand prominences
18
Q

Nasal cavity progression

A
  • Nasal pit (ectodermal invagination)
  • Nasal sac (ectoderm)
  • Nares
19
Q

What seperates oral and nasal cavities

A

Oronasal mebrane, perpendicular to buccopharyngeal membrane

20
Q

Sinuses develop from

A

From outgrowths of nasal cavity called diverticulums

21
Q

What 2 segments form the palate

A

Primary palate/ pre-maxilla

Secondary palate

22
Q

Primary palate formation

A
  • Median nasal processses fuse to form
    • Intermaxillary segment
      • Median palatine process
23
Q

Secondary palate includes

Begins from what process to then form what

A
  • Includes hard and soft palate
  • Maxillary processes form
    • Lateral palatal process
    • fuse ant to post
24
Q

During secondary palate formation what outgrowths appear

A

Nasal septum

2 palatine shelves

25
Q

Primary and secondary palate form what parts of palate

A
  • Hard palate
    • Primary and Secondary
  • Soft palate
    • All secondary, not ossified
26
Q

Span of primary and secondary palate

A
  • Primary palate
    • From incisive fossa to distal incisors
  • Secondary palate
    • From incisive to uvula
    • Includes maxilla, palatine, soft palate, uvula

Head and Neck 2 (15 decks)

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