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Head and Neck 2 > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

1
Q

External ear is composed of and does

A
  • Auricle (pinna)
  • External acoustic meatus
  • Tympanic membrane
  • Helps gather sound and direct it to tympanic membrane
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2
Q

Structures of auricle 6

A
  • Helix
  • Antihelix
  • Concha
  • Tragus
  • Antitragus
  • Intertragic notch
    • Used as landmaek in intraoral injections
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3
Q

Sensory Innervation of Auricle

A
  • Superficial Auricle
    • Auriculotemporal of V3
    • Cervical plexus
      • Lesser Occipital n C2
      • Greater Auricular n C2, C3
  • Deep Auricle
    • Auricular branch of CN X
    • Auricular branch of CN VII
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4
Q

Arterial supply of external ear

4

A
  • Superficial temp (ECA)
  • Posterior auricular (ECA)
  • Deep auricular a (Max a.)
  • Anterior tympanic (maxillary a.)
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5
Q

External Acoustic Meatus

Made up of

Structures

Innervation

A
  • Auricle to tympanic membrane
    • Lateral 1/3, catilaginous
    • Medial 2/3 ossous (temporal bone)
  • Ceruminous glands (oil glands)
    • Cerumen (ear wax)
  • Sensory Innervation
    • Auriculotemporal of V3
    • Auricular branches of
      • CN X
      • CN VII
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6
Q

Tympanic membrane

membranes

A
  • Seperates external and middle ear
  • 3 layered membrane
    • External layer is skin, stratified squamous epithelium
    • Middle layer is fibrous, attaching to malleous
    • Inner layer is mucous membrane, ciliated columnar epithelium
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7
Q

Tympanic Membrane

Innervation

A
  • Sensory innervation
    • Outer surface, auriculotemporal of V3
    • Inner surface, CN IX
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8
Q

Middle ear

A
  • Air filled cavity
  • Transmits sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane
  • Lined by mucous membrane
  • Located in the petrous portion of the temporal bone
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9
Q

Contents of middle ear

Bones

A
  • Auditory ossicles, lateral to medial
    • Malleus
    • Incus
    • Stapes
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10
Q

Contents of middle ear

Muscles

Spans from

Nerve

Action

A
  • Stapedius muscle
    • From pyramid of mid ear to stapes
    • Nerve to stapedius of CN 7
    • Dampens excessive sound vibrations
  • Tensor tympani muscle
    • Auditory tube to malleus
    • Tenses tympanic membrane, dampens sound
    • Tensor tympani nerve of V3
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11
Q

Contents of middle ear

Nerves

A
  • CN VII
    • Chorda tympani passes through does not innervate
    • Nerve to stapedius
  • CN IX
    • Tympanic nerve
    • Typanic plexus- with sympathetic fibers
    • Lesser petrosal nerve
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12
Q

Middle ear

Roof

Floor

A
  • Roof
    • Tegmen tympani, seperating middle ear from temporal lobe of the brain
  • Floor
    • Thin bne, immediately superior to internal jugular vein
    • Tympanic canaliculus, tympanic branch of CN IX
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13
Q

Boundaries of middle ear

Anterior wall

A
  • Auditory tube
    • Pharyngotypanic or Eustachian tube
    • Connects middle ear to nasopharynx, equalizes pressure
    • Innervated by tympanic plexus from CN IX
  • Lesser petrosal n
  • Postganglionic sympathetic fibers
    • Wrapped around the internal carotid artery as they travel through the head
    • Caroticotympanic nn
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14
Q

Middle ear

Posterior wall

A
  • Facial canal, terminates at stylomastoid foramen, CN 7
  • Mastoid antrum, leads to mastoid air cells
    • Mastoid canaliculus, auricular branch of CN X
  • Stapedius
    • Attachment called pyramid
    • Attached to stapes
    • Nerve to stapedius from 7
    • Dampens excessive sound
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15
Q

Middle Ear

Medial wall contents

A
  • Promotory
    • Protuberance created by cochlea
  • Typanic plexus
  • Oval window
    • Attachment for stapes
  • Round window
    • Pressure release for cochlea
  • Tensor tympani
    • Attached to malleus
    • Nerve to medial pterygoid of V3
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16
Q

Middle ear

Lateral wall

A
  • Seperates mid rar and external ear
  • Tympanic membrane
  • Chorda tympani lies along tympanic membrane
17
Q

Arterial supply of middle ear

3

A

Anterior tympanic artery

Stylomastoid artery

Labryrinthine artery

18
Q

Sensory Innervation of middle ear

A

Tympanic Plexus of CN 9

Middle ear

Mastoid region

Pharyngotympanic tube

19
Q

Inner ear: Osseus Labyrinth

portion of

Connects

3 parts

filled with

A
  • Petrous portion of temporal bone
  • Connects to the middle ear at oval and round windowa
  • 3 parts
    • Vestibule
    • Semicircular canals
    • Cochlea
  • Filled with perilymph
20
Q

Vestibule

Contains

Detects

A

Contains Utricle and sacculae

Detects linear acceleration and pull of gravity

Senses equilibrium

21
Q

Semicircular canals

Detects

A

Hair cells dtect angular/rotational acceleration and decceleration

Senses equilibrium

22
Q

Cochlea

Contains

Allow for

Senses

A

Contains cochlear duct

Spiral like seashell

Opening allows perilymph to drain into CSF

Senses audition

23
Q

Membranous Labryinth

Contains

filled with

4 parts

A
  • Contains hair cells
  • Filled with perilymph
  • 4 parts
    • Cochlear duct
    • Sacculae
    • Utricle
    • Semicircular ducts
24
Q

Cochlear duct

A

Spiral structure within cochlea

Roof- Vestibular membrane

Floor- Basilar membrane

25
Q

Sacculae

A

Within vestibule

Sensory receptors (maculae)

26
Q

Utricle

A

Within vestibule

Sensory receptos maculae

27
Q

Semicircular ducts

A

Within semicircular canals

Opens to utricle

Sensory receptors (crista)

28
Q

CN 8

Travels

branches

A
  • Travels through internal acoustic meatus with CN 7
  • In meatus divides into vestibular and cochlear branches
29
Q

What do CN 8 branches innervate

A
  • Vestibular branch
    • Superior
      • Sacculae, utricle, semicircular canals
    • Inferior
      • Sacculae, semicircular ducts
  • Cochlear branch
    • Spiral organ or corti
30
Q

Cochlea contains 3

A
  • Scala vestibuli
    • Perilymph
  • Cochlear duct
    • Endolymph
    • AUditory receptor of linear ear
    • Hair cells
  • Scala tympani
    • Perilymph
31
Q

Spiral organ of corti

A
  • Basilar membrane
    • Hair cells
    • high frequency displaces membrane
    • Low frequency stimulates apex of cochlea
  • Tectorial membrane

Head and Neck 2 (15 decks)

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