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Anatomy BLOCK 3 > Temporal Infratemporal Fossae > Flashcards

Temporal Infratemporal Fossae Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 boundaries of the temporal fossa?

A
  • Posterior and superior
  • anterior
  • lateral
  • inferior
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2
Q

Posterior and superior boundaries of the temporal fossa boundaries

A

Temporal lines

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3
Q

Anterior boundary of the temporal fossa

A

Frontal and zygomatic bones

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4
Q

Lateral boundaries of the temporal fossa

A

Zygomatic arch

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5
Q

Inferior boundaries of the temporal fossa

A

Infratemporal crest of the sphenoid (best seen when the zygomatic arch has been removed)

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6
Q

The contents of the temporal fossa

A
  • temporalis muscle and fascia
  • deep temporal vessels and nerves
  • superficial temporal vessels
  • auriculotemporal nerve
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7
Q

Infratemporal fossa anterior border

A

Posterior aspect of maxilla

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8
Q

Medial boundary of the infratemporal fossa

A

Lateral pterygoid plate

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9
Q

Lateral boundary of the infratemporal fossa

A

Ramus of the mandible

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10
Q

Superior boundary of the infratemporal fossa

A

Inferior surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid

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11
Q

Posterior boundary of the infratemporal fossa

A

The tympanic plate and the mastoid and styloid processes of the temporal bone

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12
Q

Inferior boundary of the infratemporal fossa

A

Site of attachment of the medial pterygoid to the mandible near its angle

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13
Q

What type of joint is the Temporomandibular joint

A

A synovial joint; modified hinge joint

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14
Q

Articulate surfaces of the temporomandibular joint

A
  • mandibular condyle

- mandibular fossa and articulate tubercle of the temporal bone

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15
Q

What is an articulate disc composed of?

A

Fibrocartilage

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16
Q

What divides the temporomandibular joint into two compartments

A

Articulate disc

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17
Q

What are the two compartments of the temporomandibular joint?

A
  • superior compartment

- inferior compartment

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18
Q

Superior compartment of the temporomandibular joint

A

Responsible for gliding movements of the protrusion and recursion

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19
Q

Inferior compartment of the temporomandibular joint

A

Responsible for hinge movements of depression and elevation

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20
Q

What is the articular disc peripherally attached to?

A

The joint capsule

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21
Q

What does the articular disc attach to anteriomedially?

A

Tendon of the lateral pterygoid ***

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22
Q

Joint or articular capsule of the temporomandibular joint attaches superiorly to what?

A

Articular tubercle and the margins of the mandibular fossa

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23
Q

Joint or articular capsule of the temporomandibular joint attaches inferiorly to what?

A

The neck of the mandible

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24
Q

Synovial membrane of the temporomandibular joint

A

Lines the joint capsule above and below the articular disc, but does not cover the articular disc

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25
Q

Temporomandibular joint ligaments

A
  • temporomandibular ligament (lateral ligament)
  • stylomandibular ligament
  • sphenomandibular ligament
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26
Q

Where does the phenomandibular ligament come from?

A

Sphenoid bone

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27
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A
  • temporalis
  • masseter
  • medial pterygoid
  • lateral pterygoid
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28
Q

What are the muscles of mastication innervated by?

A

Branches of V3

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29
Q

Origin of the temporalis

A

Inferior temporal line, temporal fossa, temporalis fascia

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30
Q

Insertion of temporalis muscle

A

Coronoid process and anterior surface of the ramus of the mandible **

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31
Q

Innervation of the temporalis muscle

A

Anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves **

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32
Q

Actions of the temporalis

A
  • elevation of mandible (close mouth)
  • recursion of mandible (pulling back jaw)
  • right and left lateral movements (grinding and chewing)
  • **
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33
Q

Origin of he masseter

A

-inferior border and medial surface of the maxillary process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch

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34
Q

Insertion of the masseter

A

Angle and lateral surface of the mandible

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35
Q

Innervation of the masseter

A

Masseteric nerve **

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36
Q

Actions of the masseter

A
  • elevation of mandible
  • right and left lateral movements
  • protrusion of the mandible
  • recursion of the mandible
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37
Q

Origin of lateral pterygoid muscle superior head

A

Infratemporal surface of greater wing ***

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38
Q

Origin of the lateral pterygoid muscle inferior head

A

Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate ***

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39
Q

Insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Most fibers unsert on pterygoid fovea on the anterior surface of the neck of the mandible; some fibers from the superior head insert on the joint capsule and articular disc of temporomandibular joint *****

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40
Q

Innervation of the lateral pterygoid

A

Lateral pterygoid nerves

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41
Q

Actions of the lateral pterygoid muscle

A
  • protrusion of mandible
  • depresses mandible (open mouth)*******
  • right and left lateral chewing and grinding movements
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42
Q

Origin of the medial pterygoid muscle deep head

A

Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

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43
Q

Origin of the medial pterygoid muscle superficial head

A

Tuberosity of maxilla

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44
Q

Insertion of the medial pterygoid

A

Medial surface and angle of mandible

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45
Q

Innervation of the medial pterygoid muscle

A

Medial pterygoid nerve

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46
Q

What muscles does the medial pterygoid muscle mirror but deeper?

A

Masseter

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47
Q

Actions of the medial pterygoid

A
  • elevation of mandible
  • protrusion of mandible
  • right and left lateral chewing and grinding movements
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48
Q

What is the main mouth opener?

A

Lateral pterygoid

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49
Q

What does excessive contraction of the lateral pterygoid cause?

A

Heads of the mandible to dislocate anteriorly past the articular tubercles
-mandible remains open

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50
Q

How do you pop the jaw back in place?

A

Reduction is performed by pressing downward and backward on the last molar teeth

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51
Q

Posterior dislocation

A

Uncommon. Due to the presence of the postglenoid tubercle and the strong lateral ligament

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52
Q

What happens when you fall on chin?

A

Cause the neck of the mandible to fracture before posterior dislocation occurs

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53
Q

Communication with the infratemporal fossa and the temporal fossa

A

Through the space between the zygomatic arch and cranial wall

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54
Q

Communication with the infratemporal fossa and the orbit

A

Though the inferior orbital fissure

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55
Q

Communication with the infratemporal fossa and the middle cranial fossa

A

Through the foramen ovale and foramen spinosum

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56
Q

Communication with the infratemporal fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Via the pterygomaxillary fissure

57
Q

Contents of the infratemporal fossa

A
  • medial and lateral pterygoid muscles
  • V3
  • Otic ganglion
  • chorda tympani
  • maxillary artery and its branches
  • maxillary vein and pterygoid venous plexus
58
Q

What does V3 consist of?

A

Large sensory component

Small motor component

59
Q

Where does V3 exit the middle cranial fossa?

A

Via the foramen ovale

60
Q

After V3 exits the middle cranial fossa, where does it then go?

A

Enters the infratemporal fossa where it divides into anterior and posterior divisions

61
Q

What happens after V3 enters the infratemporal fossa?

A

Divides into anterior and posterior divisions

62
Q

Where does branches of the V3 come from?

A

The main trunk and the anterior and posterior divisions

63
Q

Branches of the main trunk of V3

A
  • nerve to medial pterygoid

- meningeal branch (nervous spinosus; recurrent branch of V3 to dura mater)

64
Q

Nerve to the medial pterygoid comes from what main nerve?

A

V3

65
Q

What does the nerve to the medial pterygoid supply?

A

Supplies the medial pterygoid and gives small branches to the tensor tympani and tensor veli palatine

66
Q

What is the meningeal branch (nervous spinosus; recurrent branch of V3 to dura mater) a branch of?

A

main trunk of V3

67
Q

Where does the meningeal branch either the middle cranial fossa?

A

Via the foramen spinosum

68
Q

What does the meningeal branch of V3 innervate?

A

The dura mater of the middle cranial fossa

69
Q

Branches of the anterior division of V3

A
  • nerve to the masseter
  • nerve to the lateral pterygoid
  • deep temporal nerves
  • buccal nerve
70
Q

Where does the nerve to the masseter branch form?

A

Anterior division of V3

71
Q

Nerve to masseter innervates what?

A

Masseter

72
Q

What gives few sensory fibers to the anterior aspect of the temporomandibular joint?

A

Nerve to the masseter

73
Q

What nerve does the nerve to the lateral pterygoid come from?

A

Anterior branches of V3

74
Q

What does the nerve to the lateral pterygoid innervate?

A

Pterygoid

75
Q

What nerve does the deep temporal nerve branch from?

A

Anterior division of V3

76
Q

Deep temporal nerve make up

A

Usually two (anterior/ posterior) nerves, sometimes there is a third (middle) nerve

77
Q

Where does the buccal nerve branch from?

A

Anterior division of V3

78
Q

What does buccal nerve supply?

A

Supplies sensory innervation to the skin and mucosa of the cheek

79
Q

Buccal nerve branch of facial nerve is

A

Motor

80
Q

Buccal nerve branch from trigeminal is

A

Sensory

81
Q

Branches from the posterior division of V3

A
  • auriculotemporal nerve
  • inferior alveolar nerve
  • nerve to the mylohyoid
  • lingual nerve
82
Q

Where does the auriculotemproal nerve branch from?

A

V3

83
Q

How does the auriculotemporal nerve originate?

A

Originates as two roots that encircle the middle meningeal artery and reunite posterior to the artery

84
Q

What nerve makes a circle around the middle meningeal artery?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

85
Q

What artery runs up the middle of the “hole” in the auriculotemporal nerve?

A

Middle meningeal artery

86
Q

What does auriculotemporal nerve innervate?

A

Sensory innervation to the auricle, external auditory meatus, tympanic membrane, temporomandibular joint and scalp **

87
Q

What kind of fibers does the inferior alveolar nerve contain?

A

Both sensory and mentor

88
Q

Where does the inferior alveolar nerve branch from?

A

Posterior division of V3

89
Q

Where does the inferior alveolar nerve enter?

A

The mandibular foramen to supply all of the mandibular teeth

90
Q

What nerve does the dentist numb when you having dental work on the bottom teeth?

A

Inferior alveolar teeth

91
Q

Where does the inferior alveolar nerve exit the mandible?

A

At the mental foramen

92
Q

What does the inferior alveolar nerve name change to once it exits mandible?

A

Mental nerve

93
Q

What does the mental nerve supply?

A

Skin and mucosa of the lower lip and chin

94
Q

Before mental nerve enters the mandibular foramen, what nerve is given off?

A

Nerve to the mylohyoid

95
Q

What is the nerve to the mylohyoid a branch of?

A

Motor branch of the inferior alveolar nerve

96
Q

What does the nerve to the mylohyoid innervate?

A

Mylohyoid and the anterior belly of the digastric

97
Q

Lingual nerve branches from what?

A

Posterior V3

98
Q

What does the lingual nerve innervate

A

Sensory information to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and the mucosa of the floor of the mouth

99
Q

The lingual artery is joined high in the _______ by the _____

A
  • infratemporal fossa

- chorda tympani

100
Q

What is the otic ganglion

A

A small, parasympathetic ganglion located inferior to the foramen ovale and medial to V3

101
Q

What kind of ganglion is the otic ganglion?

A

Parasympathetic

102
Q

Where is the otic ganglion located?

A

Inferior to the foramen ovale and medial to V3

103
Q

What forms the tympanic plexus?

A

Tympanic branch of CN IX

104
Q

What does the tympanic plexus innervation?

A

Mucosa of the tympanic cavity

105
Q

______fibers leave the tympanic plexus in the form of the ______ and synapse in the otic ganglion

A
  • Preganglionic parasympathetic

- lesser petrosal nerve *****

106
Q

_____fibers leave the otic ganglion and join the _______ nerve

A
  • postganglionic parasympathetic

- auriculotemporal **

107
Q

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel with the _____ nerve to innervate the ______

A
  • auriculotemporal nerve

- parotid gland

108
Q

Where does chorda tympani originate?

A

Facial nerve in the facial canal just above the stylomastoid foramen

109
Q

What does the chorda tympani enter?

A

Tympanic cavity and courses across the medial side of the tympanic membrane

110
Q

Where does the chorda tympani exit?

A

The temporal bone via the petrotympanic fissure

111
Q

When the chorda tympani enters the infratemporal fossa, what does it join?

A

The lingual nerve

112
Q

What kind of innervation comes from the chorda tympani

A

Special sensory or tate fibers for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue ***

113
Q

What kind of fibers does the chorda tympani contain?

A
  • postganglionic parasympathetic

- Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers**

114
Q

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the chorda tympani synapse?

A

Submandibular ganglion ***

115
Q

What does the postganglionic parasympathic fibers of the chorda tympani supply?

A

The submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

116
Q

What is the the maxillary artery a branch of?

A

One of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery

117
Q

Where does the maxillary artery arise?

A

Posterior to the neck of the mandible

118
Q

Divisions of the maxillary artery

A

Divided into 3 parts based on its relation to the lateral pterygoid muscle

  • 1st part (mandibular)
  • 2nd part (pterygoid)
  • 3rd part (pterygopalatine)
119
Q

Where does the mandibular part of the maxillary artery lie?

A

Between the neck of the mandible and the sphenomandibular ligament

120
Q

What is the mandibular part of the maxillary artery accompanied by?

A
  • auriculotemporal nerve

- maxillary vein

121
Q

What are the branches of the maxillary artery

A
  • deep auricular
  • anterior tympanic
  • middle meningeal
  • accessory meningeal
  • inferior alveolar
122
Q

Deep auricular artery

A
  • branch of mandibular artery of maxillary artery

- supplies the external auditory meatus and the outer surface of the tympanic membrane

123
Q

Anterior tympanic artery

A
  • branch of the mandibular part of the maxillary artery

- passes through the petrotympanic fissure with the chorda tympani to supply the mucosa of the tympanic cavity

124
Q

Middle meningeal artery

A
  • branch of the mandibular part of the maxillary artery
  • passes between the two roots of the auriculotemporal nerve; passes through the foramen spinosum to enter the middle cranial fossa to supply the dura mater
  • site of potential epidural hematoma
125
Q

Accessory meningeal artery

A
  • branch of the mandibular part of the maxillary artery

- passes through the foramen ovale to supply the trigeminal ganglion and adjacent dura mater

126
Q

Inferior alveolar artery

A
  • branch of mandibular part of maxillary artery

- accompanies the inferior alveolar nerve in the mandibular canal; exits the mental foramen with the mental nerve **

127
Q

What artery does the inferior alveolar artery give?

A

Arter to the mylohyoid

128
Q

Pterygoid part of the maxillary artery passes where?

A

Anteriorly and superior in the infratemporal fossa

129
Q

What do the branches of the pterygoid part of the maxillary artery run with?

A

Branches of V3

130
Q

What are the branches of he pterygoid part of the maxillary artery

A
  • masseteric artery
  • anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries
  • pterygoid arteries
  • buccal artery
131
Q

Masseteric artery of the pterygoid part of the maxillary artery supplies what

A

Supplies the masseter

132
Q

Anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries of the pterygoid part of the maxillary artery supply what?

A

Supply the temporalis muscle

133
Q

Pterygoid arteries from the pterygoid part of the maxillary artery supplies what?

A

The medial and lateral pterygoid

134
Q

Buccal artery of the pterygoid part of the maxillary artery supplies what?

A

The buccinator, skin of cheek and mucosa of oral cavity

135
Q

What is the pterygoid venous plexus

A

A complex network of veins located partly between the temporalis and the pterygoid muscles

136
Q

Most of the veins that accompany branches of the maxillary artery drain into what?

A

Pterygoid venous plexus

137
Q

The pterygoid venous plexus communicates with the following:

A
  • cavernous sinus
  • inferior ophthalmic vein
  • facial vein via deep facial vein *****
138
Q

How does the pterygoid venous plexus communicate with the cavernous sinus

A

Via small veins passing through the foramen ovale, foramen lacerum and sometimes the sphenoidal emissary foramen **

Anatomy BLOCK 3 (13 decks)

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