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Anatomy BLOCK 3 > Anterior Triangle Of The Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle Of The Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Midline of neck

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2
Q

Posterior border of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

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3
Q

Superior border of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Inferior border of the body of mandible

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4
Q

What are the muscle groups of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A
  • infrahyoid muscles
  • suprahyoid muscles
  • anterior vertebral muscles
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5
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Thin, strap-like muscles

  • sternohyoid
  • sternothyroid
  • thyrohyoid
  • omohyoid
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6
Q

Where is the sternohyoid located?

A

Supercially, medial to superior belly of omohyoid

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7
Q

Origin of sternohyoid

A

Posterior surfaces of manubirum of sternum and eternal end of clavicle

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8
Q

Insertion of sternohyoid

A

Body of hyoid

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9
Q

Nerve supply of sternohyoid

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

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10
Q

Action of sternohyoid

A

Depresses hyoid bone

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11
Q

Where is sternothyroid located?

A

Deep to sternohyoid

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12
Q

Origin of sternothyroid

A

Posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

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13
Q

Insertion of sternothyroid

A

Oblique line of thyroid cartilage

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14
Q

Nerve supply of sternothyroid

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

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15
Q

Action of sternothyroid

A

Depresses larynx

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16
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Upward continuation of sternothyroid

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17
Q

Origin of thyrohyoid

A

Oblique line of thyroid cartilage

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18
Q

Insertion of thyrohyoid

A

Runs superiorly over thyrohyoid membrane, inserts into greater horn and body of hyoid

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19
Q

Nerve supply for thyrohyoid

A

C1 fibers via hypoglossal nerve

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20
Q

Action of thyrohyoid

A

Depresses hyoid bone or elevates larynx

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21
Q

Ansa Cervicalis

A

-nerve loop that contains fibers from ventral rami of C1 to C3 spinal nerves

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22
Q

Lower root of ansa cervicalis

A

Direct branch of cervical plexus

  • contains fibers from ventral rami of C2 and C3
  • passes superficial (or deep) to internal vein
  • joins upper root to form ansa
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23
Q

Upper root of ansa cervicalis

A
  • appears to originate from hypoglossal nerve, but contains no hypoglossal fibers
  • consists of C1 fibers that join CN XII and travel with it for a distance
  • separate from CN XII and form upper root of ansa cervicalis
  • joins lower root to form ansa
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24
Q

What does ansa cervicalis give branches to?

A

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Both bellies of omohyoid

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25
Q

Some C1 fibers of ansa cervicalis do what?

A

Continue with CN XII (after it has given off upper root) and supply thyrohyoid and geniohyoid muscles

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26
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A
  • digastric
  • stylohyoid
  • mylohyoid
  • geniohyloid
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27
Q

Digastric muscle

A

Consists of posterior and anterior bellies connected by an intermediate tendon

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28
Q

Posterior belly of digastric muscle

A

Attaches to digastric (mastoid) notch (medial to mastoid process), runs anteriorly and inferiorly, then becomes continuous with intermediate tendon

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29
Q

Intermediate tendon of digastric muscle

A

Pierces stylohyoid and runs in fibrous sling connected to body and greater horn of hyoid, then become continuous with anterior belly

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30
Q

Anterior belly of digastric muscle

A

Runs anteriorly and superiorly, then attaches to digastric fossa of mandible

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31
Q

Nerve supply of posterior belly of digastric muscle

A

Facial nerve

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32
Q

Nerve supply of anterior belly of digastric muscle

A

Nerve to mylohyoid (branch of inferior alveolar nerve, from V3)

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33
Q

Action of digastric muscle

A

Depresses mandible and elevates hyoid bone

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34
Q

Origin of stylohyoid

A

Styloid process

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35
Q

Insertion of stylohyoid

A

Passes anteriorly and inferiorly, along superior border of posterior belly of digastric, then inserts into hyoid bone at junction of body and greater horn

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36
Q

Where is the stylohyoid pierced

A

Near its insertion by intermediate tendon of digastric

37
Q

Nerve supply to stylohyoid

A

Facial nerve

38
Q

Action of stylohyoid

A

Elevates hyoid bone and dares it backward

39
Q

Mylohyoid

A
  • Lies superior to anterior belly of digastric

- two mylohyoid muscles fro muscular floor of oral cavity

40
Q

Origin of mylohyoid muscle

A

Mylohyoid line of mandible

41
Q

Insertion of mylohyoid

A

Most posterior fibers attach to body of body of hyoid bone, rest of fibers terminate in midline raphe extending from mandible to hyoid

42
Q

Nerve supply yo mylohyoid

A

Nerve to mylohyoid (really that’s what its called)

43
Q

Actions of mylohyoid

A

Elevates floor of mouth during swallowing, elevates hyoid bone depresses mandible

44
Q

Geniohyloid

A

Narrow muscle that lies above mylohyoid, in contact with corresponding opposite side

45
Q

Origin of geniohyloid

A

Mental spine

46
Q

Insertion of geniohyoid

A

Anterior surface of body of hyoid

47
Q

Nerve supply of geniohyoid

A

C1 fibers via hypoglossal nerve

48
Q

Actions of geniohyoid

A

Elevates hyoid bone and draws it forward, depresses mandible

49
Q

Anterior vertebral muscles

A
  • longus capitis
  • longus colli
  • rectus capitis anterior
  • rectus capitis lateralis
50
Q

Origin of longus capitis

A

Transverse processes of C3 to C6 vertebrae

51
Q

Insertion of longus capitis

A

Inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone

52
Q

Nerve supply of longus capitis

A

Branches from ventral rami of C1 to C3 spinal nerve

53
Q

Action of longus capitis

A

Flexion of head and neck

54
Q

Longus Colli

A

Consists of 3 parts:

  • inferior oblique
  • superior oblique
  • vertical
55
Q

Inferior oblique part of longus colli

A

Extends from bodies of first 2 or 3 thoracic vertebrae to transverse processes of C5 and C6 vertebrae

56
Q

Superior oblique part of longus colli

A

Extends from transverse processes of C3 to C5 vertebrae to anterior tubercle of atlas

57
Q

Vertical part of longus colli

A

Extends from bodies of upper 3 thoracis and lower 3 cervical vertebrae to bodies C2 to C4 vertebrae

58
Q

Nerve supply to longus colli

A

Branches from ventral rami of C2 to C6 spinal nerves

59
Q

Action of longus colli

A

Flexion of neck

60
Q

Rectus capitis anterior

A

Located posterior to upper part of longus capitis

61
Q

Origin of rectus capitis anterior

A

Anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas and root of its transverse process

62
Q

Insertion of rectus capitis anterior

A

Inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone, immediately anterior to occipital condyle

63
Q

Nerve supply to rectus capitis anterior

A

Branches from loop between ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves

64
Q

Action of rectus capitis anterior

A

Flexion of head

65
Q

Origin of rectus capitis lateralis

A

Upper surface of transverse process of atlas

66
Q

Insertion of rectus capitis lateralis

A

Inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone

67
Q

Nerve supply to rectus capitis lateralis

A

Branches from loop between ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves

68
Q

Action of rectus capitis lateralis

A

Lateral flexion of head to same side of contracting muscle

69
Q

Subdivisions of the anterior triangle

A
  • submandibular (digastric) triangle
  • carotid triangle
  • muscular triangle
  • submental triangle
70
Q

Anterior boundaries of submandibular triangle

A

Anterior belly of digastric

71
Q

Posterior boundary of the submandibular triangle

A

Psotieror belly of digastric and stylohyoid

72
Q

Superior boundary of submandibular triangle

A

Inferior border of body of mandible

73
Q

Floor boundary of submandibular triangle

A

Mylohyoid and hypoglossal muscles

74
Q

Contents of the submandibular triangle

A
  • submandibular gland (superficial part)
  • facial vessels
  • submandibular lymph nodes
  • hypoglossal nerve
  • mylohyoid nerve and vessels
75
Q

Anterior and superior carotid triangle boundary

A

Posterior belly of digastric

76
Q

Anterior and inferior boundary of the carotid triangle

A

Superior belly of the omohyoid

77
Q

Posterior boundary of the carotid triangle

A

Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

78
Q

Arteries of the carotid triangle

A
  • common carotid
  • initial segments of external and internal carotid
  • some branches of external carotid
79
Q

Veins of the carotid triangle

A

-internal jugular vein and some of its tributaries

80
Q

Nerves of the carotid triangle

A
  • vagus
  • accessory
  • hypoglossal
  • ansa cervicalis
  • internal and external laryngeal
81
Q

Lymph nodes of the carotid triangle

A

Deep cervical lymph nodes

82
Q

Anterior boundaries of the muscular triangle

A

Anterior midline of the neck

83
Q

Posterior and superior boundary of the muscular triangle

A

Superior belly of omohyoid

84
Q

Posterior and superior muscular triangle

A

Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

85
Q

Contents of the muscular triangle

A
  • sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles

- viscera of the neck (thyroid and parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea)

86
Q

Lateral boundary of the submental triangle

A

Anterior bellies of the digastric muscles

87
Q

Inferior border of the submental triangle

A

Body of hyoid

88
Q

Floor boundary of the submental triangle

A

Mylohyoid muscles

89
Q

Contents of the submental triangle

A
  • submental lymph nodes

- small veins that join to form anterior jugular veins

Anatomy BLOCK 3 (13 decks)

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