tectonic hazards case studies Flashcards
location of Iceland?
- found on a constructive plate boundary
- the Northern Hemisphere- East of Greenland- West of Norway
- Northwest of the UK- North Atlantic Ocean
why does Iceland experience tectonic hazards?
- on the North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate
- they are moving away from eachother due to ridge push which is powered by convection currents
on what date were all flights in and out of the UK cancelled? (Iceland)
15th April 2010
on what date did the eruption enter a more explosive state? (Iceland)
14th April
primary effects of Iceland?
- flash flooding
- 230 million m3 of ash/ tephra
what were the secondary impacts of Iceland?
- twenty farming families were evacuated
- cards covered in soot
- 95,000 flights were cancelled after Easter holidays
what were the immediate responses to Iceland?
- farm animals were moved
- trenches were dug to get rid of flooding
- the Civil Protection Authority evacuated people
long term responses to Iceland?
less carbon emissions
when was the Italy earthquake?
6th April 2009
what was the scale of the Italy earthquake?
6.3 on the Richter scale
where was the Italy earthquake?
Abruzzo region of Italy
what is the GDP per capita of Italy?
2.19 trillion
what were the causes of the Italy earthquake?
- African plate boundary
- Eurasian plate boundary
- collision plate boundary
primary effects of Italy earthquake?
- 308 people were killed
- 1500 people were injured
- 67, 500 people were made homeless
- 10,000- 15,000 buildings collapsed
secondary effects of Italy earthquake?
- landslides and rockfalls
- mudflows
- number of students at L’Aquila university has decreased
- house prices and rents increased
immediate responses to Italy?
- hotels provided shelter for 10,000 people
- rescue workers- included soldiers, red cross, rescue dogs- 70 dog teams
- temporary hospital set up
- mobile kitchens serving 1000 meals a day
long term responses to Italy?
- residents did not need to pay taxes in 2010
- students were given free public transport
- 42 million euro initiative called “Home Italy”- rebuild homes in the same style they had been before the earthquake
what date and time was the Nepal earthquake?
25th April 2015- 11.26 am
what was the magnitude of the Nepal earthquake?
7.8 magnitude
where was the Nepal earthquake?
80km Northwest of Kathmandu- in Gorkha district
what was the cause of the Nepal earthquake?
located on a collision boundary between the Indian and the Eurasian plates
primary effects of the Nepal earthquake?
- 8,841 dead
- over 16,800 injured
- Dharahara Tower collapsed
- 1 million made homeless
- 7000 schools and 1000 health facilities were damaged or destroyed
- loss of tourist income
secondary impacts of Nepal earthquake?
- avalanche on Mount Everest- 19 people died
- rich seeds were ruined in the rubble
- sherpas died
immediate responses to Nepal earthquake?
- donations of money and aid from across the world- totalled to 3.3 billion
- Red Cross provided tents for 225,000 people
- $3 million grant was provided by the Asian Development Bank for emergency relief
