Tectonic Case Studies Flashcards
What was the magnitude of the Haiti earthquake?
7.0
When was the Haiti earthquake?
January 2010
Where was the epicentre of the Haiti earthquake?
24km from Port-au-Prince
How many people died in the Haiti earthquake?
250,000
What was the the cost of the Haiti earthquake?
US $14 billion
Why did a lot of buildings collapse in the Haiti earthquake?
Poor building standards due to national poverty
What was the magnitude of the Sichuan earthquake?
7.9
How many people were affected by the Sichuan earthquake?
45 million
How many people were made homeless by the Sichuan earthquake?
5 million
How many deaths were due to landslides the Sichuan earthquake?
A quarter
What was the root cause for the Sichuan earthquake?
Poor governance; corruption; accepting bribes to shortcut building standards
Why was rescue and aid so effective for the Sichuan earthquake?
China is wealthy
Over 100,000 soldiers deployed within hours
Parachuting and hiking to remote areas
How much did the Sichuan earthquake cost?
US $126 billion
When was the Sichuan earthquake?
May 2008
What was the magnitude of the Japan earthquake?
9.0
When was the Japan earthquake?
March 2011
How high was the tsunami of the Japan earthquake?
10m
How far inland did the tsunami of the Japan earthquake reach?
10km
How many people were evacuated due to the damaging of the Fukushima Daiichi Power Plant?
47,000
How many people were killed by the Japan earthquake and tsunami?
20,000 people
How much did the Japan earthquake cost?
US $240 billion
What percentage of buildings in Japan were earthquake-resistant?
75%
What hi-tech systems saved lives in Japan?
Early-warning system to mobile phones
When was the Indian Ocean tsunami?
Boxing Day 2004
Where was the Indian Ocean tsunami?
West of the coast of Sumatra
What was the magnitude of the Indian Ocean tsunami?
Between 9.0 and 9.3
How many people died (or are still missing) in the Indian Ocean tsunami?
300,000 people
How many people were left homeless by the Indian Ocean tsunami?
1.7 million people
How high were the tsunami waves at landfall, for the Indian Ocean tsunami?
17m high (Banda Aceh)
When was the Eyjafjallajökull eruption?
April 2010
How many commercial flights did Eyjafjallajökull cancel?
100,000
How many passengers were stranded?
10 million
How much did Eyjafjallajökull cost the airline industry?
£1.1 billion
How much did Eyjafjallajökull cost the European economy?
£3.3 billion
How much did Kenyan flower exports lose from Eyjafjallajökull?
£2.5m per day
On what Philippine Island did a landslide occur?
Leyte Island, 2006
What caused the Leyte Island landslide?
Heavy rainfall for 10 days
What was the impact of the Leyte Island landslide?
A whole village was buried, including a school
1100 were killed
In what year did Mt Pinatubo last erupt?
1991
What was the main cause of death from Mt Pinatubo?
Lahars
Where does the Philippines HDI rank in the world?
116
What was the magnitude of the Christchurch earthquake?
6.2
aftershock of a 7.1 earthquake in 2010
When was the Christchurch earthquake?
2011
How many people were displaced by the Christchurch earthquake?
50,000
How many people died in the Christchurch earthquake?
181
What was the significant secondary effect of the Christchurch earthquake?
Liquefaction
Why was the liquefaction at Christchurch so impactful?
Infrastructure was already weakened by the Canterbury earthquake.
It affected the suburbs, undermining foundations and roads
How much silt was produced in the Christchurch earthquake, and what was its impact?
200,000 tonnes
It washed onto roads and solidified under cars
How much was the cost of to rebuild after the Christchurch earthquake?
$40 billion
What is a Lahar?
A hot mudflow flowing down a volcano’s river valley
How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake?
90,000
How many people are missing form the Sichuan earthquake?
Almost 20,000
What was the VEI of Eyjafjallajökull?
4
What was the effect of Eyjafjallajökull?
Volcanic ash cloud disrupted air travel across Europe
What was the VEI of Mt Pinatubo?
6
How many people died in Mt Pinatubo?
850
Why was the management of Mt Pinatubo successful?
20,000 people evacuated
e.g. to Manila
How many people died in Eyjafjallajökull?
0
How many typhoons does the Philippines suffer each year?
5 with “potential to do damage”
How many active volcanoes does the Philippines have?
23
What is the minimum-magnitude earthquake the Philippines is hit by each year?
6.0
How did Eyjafjallajökull affect Asia?
Nissan halted 3 models in Japan because parts supply was disrupted
