Coasts Case Studies Flashcards
What is the elevation of most of Bangladesh?
1m to 3m
What meteorological hazard increases the flood risk of Bangladesh?
Storm surges from tropical cyclones
How has human activity increased the flood risk of Bangladesh?
Deforestation of mangrove forests removes natural coastal defence
What physical characteristic of Bangladesh’s coast increases the flood risk?
Bay of Bengal is “funnel-shaped”, so storm surges are pushed higher as they move
How have international organisations mitigated the flood risk in Bangladesh?
The World Bank funds projects to monitor flood levels, and construct flood banks & artificial levees
When was the North Sea flood?
1953
How many deaths were there in total for the North Sea flood?
2500
How many deaths were there in England for the North Sea flood?
307
How many deaths were there in the Netherlands for the North Sea flood?
1800
What was the cost of the damage of the North Sea flood in the UK?
£1.3 billion
How high was the storm surge of the North Sea flood in England?
5.8m in Lincolnshire
What were the wind speeds of the North Sea flood in Scotland?
140 mph
When was Cyclone Sidr?
2007
How high was the storm surge of Cyclone Sidr?
3m
What were the wind speeds of Cyclone Sidr?
162 mph
How many people died in Cyclone Sidr?
15000
What was the cost of Cyclone Sidr?
£800 million
When was Cyclone Xaver?
2013
What season was the North Sea flood?
Winter
What season was Cyclone Xaver?
Winter
What event was Cyclone Xaver similar to?
1953 North Sea floods
What were the wind speeds of Cyclone Xaver in Scotland?
140 mph
How many people were killed by Cyclone Xaver?
15
When was the Thames Barrier built?
1984
How was the impact of Cyclone Xaver mitigated in England?
Thames Barrier and Hull Barrier prevented widespread flooding
What was the cost of the damage of Cyclone Xaver in the UK?
£44 million
What is the highest point in the Maldives?
2.4m
What is the capital of the Maldives?
Malé
What is the population of the Maldives?
400,000
How much of the Maldives’ GDP is from tourism?
28%
How high is the sea wall around Malé?
5m
Which Maldivian held the underwater cabinet meeting in 2009?
President Nasheed
How did the Maldives highlight the threat of global warming?
Underwater cabinet meeting (2009)
What is the average height of the Maldives?
1.5 metres
When will the Maldives be underwater?
77% by 2100
From North to South, what are the places at Holderness coast?
Flamborough head Hornsea Mappleton Withernsea Spurn Head
What river is at the south of Holderness?
River Humber
How fast does the Holderness coast erode?
1.8m / year
Fastest-eroding in Europe
What defences are at Hornsea?
Sea Wall, Gabions, Rock Armour
Why is Hornsea defended?
Tourism
How much does tourism contribute to Hornsea’s economy?
£8 million
What defences are at Mappleton?
2 rock groynes
Why is Mappleton defended?
There is a main road to Hornsea
B1242
What defences are at Withernsea?
Gabions, Revetments
What do the groynes at Mappleton cause?
Terminal Groyne Syndrome?
Why is Withernsea defended?
It is a seaside resort town
What is the population of Withernsea
Over 6000
What is the population of Kiribati?
110,000
How much of Tarawa will be inundated by water?
55 percent by 2050
What is the capital island of Kiribati?
Tarawa
What proportion of Kiribati’s population lives in Tarawa?
46%
How much did Kiribati purchase land in Fiji for?
£5.3 million
How much land did Kiribati purchase in Fiji?
20 sq km
How much of Kiribati’s population could move to Fiji?
“If it became absolutely necessary,” everyone
What is the strategy at Happisburgh?
No active intervention
Where is Happisburgh?
North Norfolk
How has the population in Happisburgh changed?
1400 in 2001
900 in 2011
When did the council stop repairing Happisburgh defences?
1995
Where do houses cost £1?
Happisburgh
How many properties have been lost in Happisburgh since 1995?
25
