Superpowers and Globalisation Case Studies Flashcards
What is Walmart’s revenue?
£380bn in 2018
How much of Europe’s gas is provided by Gazprom?
Nearly 40%
How much of China’s population will be middle-class?
76% by 2022 (of urban population)
compared to 4% in 2000
When was the WTO established?
1947
When were the Bretton Woods institutions established?
1944
How many SEZs did China first establish?
4
What is Shenzhen’s GDP?
£230bn in 2016
How much has Shenzhen’s population grown?
30,000 in 1979
13 million now
How many jobs have China’s SEZs created?
30 million
What are SEZs?
Areas of the country with tariffs removed for international business to encourage FDI and TNCs
Infrastructure built to improve trade links
Fees removed, leases reduced
What do the IMF and World Bank impose on their loanees?
Structural Adjustment Programs to implement certain ‘western’ economic and social policies
When was the Montreal Protocol agreed upon?
1987
Was the Montreal Protocol effective?
Yes,
The hole shrunk 4m sqkm from 2000-2016
What was the Montreal protocol?
A UN agreement to “save the ozone layer”
When was the Kyoto protocol?
1997
When was the Paris agreement?
2015
Why did the Kyoto protocol fail?
Canada pulled out, USA didn’t ratify.
China didn’t have targets (“developing” nation)
In what ways did the Kyoto protocol succeed?
The sum of emissions from nations with Kyoto targets have fallen significantly
Why did the Paris agreement fail?
Donald Trump withdrew the USA (“America First”)
How much did the USA spend on the military?
£730bn in 2015
When was the UN set up?
1945
In what year did Russia annex Crimea?
2014
What was Russia’s reasoning for annexing Crimea?
Presence of Black Sea fleet
“Right to own” - USSR
NATO concerns
How much of the world’s patents are owned by the EU, USA and Japan?
90%?
Which countries own 90% of the world’s patents?
EU, USA and Japan
What percentage of China’s GDP is from counterfeit goods?
8%
Why is China’s choice of African nations for investment controversial?
They only choose nations with natural resources
What percentage of the world’s oil reserves are in the Middle East?
60%
What is the UK’s debt?
80%
What is the USA’s debt?
85%
How much will HS2 cost?
£56 billion
When will HS2 be completed?
2026 - London to Birmingham
2033 - Leeds/Manchester
How much of Poland’s GDP comes from remittances from the UK?
6%
How much of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions can be attributed to livestock farms?
14%
How much did meat consumption increase in China?
25% between 2003 and 2013
What is the GDP of Sweden?
£40,000
What is the GDP of Haiti?
£1,300
What is the HDI of Sweden?
0.85
What is the HDI of Haiti?
0.29
What is a diaspora?
Groups of migrants living in a place
What factors increase globalisation tensions?
Refugee crises (pressure on services) Nationalist parties (UKIP)
How does Australia’s immigration system work?
Very strict points system
How does North Korea control social globalisation?
They have their own internet called Kwangmyong
How has recyling changed in the UK?
11% in 2001
43% in 2013
How much money was misappropriated in Operation Car Wash?
£700 million
What is First Nations Canada?
Indigenous Canadian people
How many people does Disney employ?
200,000
Where was Trump’s golf course?
Aberdeenshire
How many people was Trump aiming to employ?
1200 people
How much was Trump going to invest in his golf course?
£1 billion
How many people does Trump employ at his golf course?
95
Who wouldn’t approve Trump’s golf course?
Aberdeenshire council
When did Trump propose his golf course?
2006
Who approved Trump’s gold course?
Scottish Government
What was built opposite Trump’s golf course. despite and appeal to the Supreme Court?
Offshore windfarm
What is the rural-urban continuum?
Describes how far a place is from the economic core
What are the five stages of Rostow’s model?
- Traditional Society
- Pre-conditions for take-off
- Take-off
- Drive to maturity
- High Mass Consumption
What is China’s GDP?
£8.3 trillion
What is USA’s GDP?
£13.8 trillion
Describe Japan’s ageing population?
One-quarter of people aged 65+
How much has Japan’s foreign workforce grown?
40% since 2013
Describe foreign ownership in London
The Tower (luxury apartments) is 60% foreign-owned by investors and tax haven companies
What dolls did Iran introduce to replace Barbie?
Sara and Dara
How much do Sara and Dara cost?
1/3 of Barbie
What is the WTO’s function?
To maintain “fair” free trade and reduce trade protectionism
