TEAS: Science Assorted

Question 1

What do you call the part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates unconscious body functions such as breathing and heart rate?

Answer 1

autonomic nervous system

Question 2

What do you call a nerve fiber that carries a nerve impulse away from the neuron cell body?

Answer 2

axon

Question 3

What do you call a bundle of nerve fibers that transits electrical impulses toward and away from the brain and spinal cord?

Answer 3

a nerve!

Question 4

What is the structure that allows neurons to pass signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands?

Answer 4

synapse

Question 5

Nucleic acids make up ______.

Answer 5

DNA

Question 6

Which of the following best describes how a signal travels across a nerve synapse?

Electrical
Kinetic
Potential
Chemical

Answer 6

Answer: Chemical

________________

Electrical is how signals move through the nerve cells.
Kinetic isn’t associated w/ the synapse.
Potential isn’t associated w/ the synapse.

Question 7

The Medulla Oblongata senses what in the blood?

Answer 7

pH levels (high acidity means there’s a lot of carbon dioxide)

Question 8

Gas Exchange in the lungs is called _______.

Answer 8

diffusion. (Oxygen in the lungs moves to the blood, and carbon dioxide in the blood moves to the lungs)

Question 9

True of False - The rate of diffusion is proportionate to the surface area involved & the concentration gradient?

Answer 9

true

Question 10

Is Cystic Fibroses hereditary?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

What is surprising about a Coronavirus, given its popularity in the news?

Answer 11

It actually often causes a common cold. The newsworthiness is because we’re seeing a new strand of coronavirus.

Question 12

The prefix myco- is used in relation to what?

Answer 12

fungus

Question 13

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place

Answer 13

alveoli

Question 14

A lung disease characterized by inflamed, narrowed airways and difficulty breathing

Answer 14

asthma

Question 15

The main passageways directly attached to the lungs

Answer 15

bronchi

Question 16

Small passages in the lungs that connect bronchi to alveoli

Answer 16

bronchioles

Question 17

Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder that causes build-up in which main organ?

Answer 17

the lungs

Question 18

Perfusion is the act of _____

Answer 18

passing fluid to an organ or tissue

Question 19

What is the membrane that encompasses the lungs?

Answer 19

pleura

Question 20

Surfactant is a fluid secreted by the ______ and found in the lungs

Answer 20

alveoli

Question 21

What is “Tidal Volume”

Answer 21

The amount of air breathed in inhaling or exhaling

Question 22

What is the windpipe that connects the larynx to the lungs?

Answer 22

trachea

Question 23

What do you call the process of air movement when you’re breathing?

Answer 23

ventilation

Question 24

What do you call a colorless fluid containing white blood cells, which bathes the tissues and drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream.

Answer 24

lymph

Question 25

Do arteries bring blood to or away from the heart?

Answer 25

away from the heart

Question 26

Do veins being blood to or away from the heart?

Answer 26

into the heart

Question 27

The cardiovascular system is made of 2 main circulatory systems - open and closed. Which one pumps blood into a cavity called a hemocoel where it surrounds the organs and then returns to the heart(s) through ostia (openings)?

Answer 27

open

Question 28

The cardiovascular system is made of 2 main circulatory systems - open and closed. Which one circulates blood unidirectionally from the heart, around the body, and back to the heart.

Answer 28

closed

Question 29

Structure of the heart:

The heart is divided into four chambers consisting of two atria and two ventricles; the ______ receive blood, while the ______ pump blood.

The right atrium receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavas. Blood then moves to the right ventricle where it is pumped to the _______.

The lungs re-oxygenate the blood and send it to the left atrium.

Blood moves from the left atrium to the left ventricle via the bicuspid valve; blood is pumped out of the left ventricle to the _____, which sends blood to the organs and muscles of the body.

The heart is composed of three layers: the epicardium (_____(inner or outer) layer), the myocardium (middle layer), and the endocardium (______(inner or outer) layer).

Answer 29

atria, ventricles

lungs

–

aorta

outer, inner

Question 30

the largest artery in the human body which carries the blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs

Answer 30

aorta

Question 31

large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium of the heart

Answer 31

inferior vena cava

Question 32

large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium of the heart

Answer 32

superior vena cava

Question 33

Pacemaker cells are specialized cardiac muscle cells that control _________.

Answer 33

heart rate & heart beat (contractions of the heart)

Question 34

cardiomyocytes are commonly known as ______.

Answer 34

pacemaker cells (myocytes = muscle cells)

Question 35

Is “systole” contraction or relaxation of heart muscles?

Answer 35

contraction

Question 36

Is “diastole” contraction or relaxation of heart muscles?

Answer 36

relaxation

Question 37

The sinoatrial node is in the right atrium. It sends out ELECTRICAL signals that control the contraction of the heart (heartbeat). It’s commonly known as the _____.

Answer 37

pacemaker

Question 38

Arteries have _____(thick/thin) walls to withstand the pressure of blood pumped by the heart, where as veins have walls with a ______(thinner/thicker) muscle layer.

Answer 38

thick, thinner