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Resp - mine > TB > Flashcards

TB Flashcards

1
Q

what is the treatment of active TB

A

Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinemaide, Ethanbutamol for 2 months

Rifampicin and Isoniazid for a further 4 months

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2
Q

side effects of Rifampicin

A

fluids turn orange, makes oral contraception less effective, liver disturbance

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3
Q

side effects of isoniazid

A

liver function disturbance, optic neuritis, renal failure

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4
Q

side effects of Pyrazinemaide

A

hepatotoxicity, hepatomegaly, jaundice

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5
Q

side effects of ethanbutamol

A

optic neuritis

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6
Q

what are the methods of diagnosis (apart from history)

A

ZN stain
sputum culture
PCR

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7
Q

what type of necrosis is associated with it

A

caseating or cheesy

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8
Q

what type of granulomas is associated with it

A

multinucleate giant cell granulomas

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9
Q

If TB is diagnosed what must also be tested for

A

HIV

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10
Q

healed TB will cause

A

scarring
shrinking
calcification

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11
Q

what lobe is it mainly found in

A

upper lobe

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12
Q

where are the crackles found

A

upper zone

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13
Q

what are the general symptoms

A

weight loss
malaise
night sweats

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14
Q

what are the respiratory symptoms

A

cough
hemoptysis
SOB
upper zone crackles

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15
Q

what causes TB (2)

A

M. tuberculosis

M. bovis

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16
Q

what is TB

A

a chronic, mycobacterial infection described in many body sites

17
Q

what type of hypersensitivity reaction is it

A

type IV (delayed)

18
Q

what is the pathological BUZZWORD for TB

A

granulomas with cheesy necrosis

19
Q

what is the criteria for latent TB

A

no evidence of active TB

evidence of previous TB exposure

20
Q

investigations for latent TB

A

IGRA - blood test

TST (tuberculin test, skin test)

21
Q

what is the treatment of latent TB

A

manage: 6 months of isoniazid OR 3 months of isoniazid + rifampicin

leave it alone

22
Q

risk factors for latent TB (4)

A

history of TB prior to 1960
Anti-TNF treatment
exposure to high prevalence area (africa)
steroids/immunosuppressants

23
Q

what are the BUZZWORD symptoms

A

night sweats
weight loss
haemoptysis

24
Q

what is the BUZZWORD history

A

homeless

recent travel to indue (or similar)

Resp - mine (18 decks)

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