Taxpayers Flashcards
T or F
A single taxpayer can house up to 15 stores with non fire resistive partitions and no fire stopping in the cockloft.
True
In a taxpayer, under the 1938 fire code, when do you need a sprinkler?
Area exceeding 10,000 sq/ft
In taxpayers under the 1968 fire code, when is a fire sprinkler needed?
Area exceeding 7,500 sq/ft
For a taxpayer under the 2008 building code, when is a sprinkler needed?
Full building:
exceeding 12,000 sq/ft
Combined area on all floors including mezzanine 24,000 sq/ft
Occupancy within a building: Area exceeding 7,500 sq/ft Any area located 3 stories above grade Any area located in a high rise Any area that has an unenclosed stair connecting 2 or more levels
In a taxpayer how big can a cockloft be?
4” to more then 6’
What is the characteristic of a bowstring truss, and what % of a load may they actually be able to hold of what they were originally designed to hold?
Hump like roof profile
May only be able to hold 40% of the load they were originally designed to hold
T or F
For a bowstring truss, failure can occur during the early stages of a fire, and failure of 1 truss element can cause the failure of the whole truss.
True
T or F
Both wood and steel trusses tend to fail without warning, making them very dangerous.
False
Wood truss will fail without warning, they tend to snap
Steel trusses tend to stretch when losing strength, “spongy”
Unprotected steel open web joist can collapse how fast?
5-10 minutes into a fire
The average 50ft steel beam, heated uniformly over its length to 970degrees will extend its length by how long?
4”
A 100ft steel beam heated uniformly to 1000degrees will extend its length by how much?
9.5”
T or F
Do not cool a heated steel beam with a hose line, this can lead to cracking or breaking.
False, do not hesitate to cool a steel beam, it will regain its strength and original size. (If the beam has sagged, then this cooling and shrinking to its original size may pull it off a wall)
T or F
Cast iron columns are unpredictable and fail on average in 30min during fire endurance tests.
True
Which is more serious
A-failure of column
B-failure of girder or beam
Failure of column is more serious
A heavy body of fire which has been burning out of control for __#__ minutes or more, particularly in a large open floor area is a sign of structural collapse (from taxpayers)
20 min
You are the 1st engine at a taxpayer fire and you notice the store on fire is a smoke shop, how does this change your tactics?
Consideration should be given to knocking it down from the sidewalk before entry is attempted
What are three warning signs of a backdraft?
1- the reversal of smoke, pulling smoke back into a smoke filled area
2-glass windows stained with smoke condensation and pulsating from the pressure of the fire
3-color of smoke (dark black, dirty brown, yellow-brown, gray-yellow)
What are the 4 colors of smoke associated with backdraft?
1-dense black
2- dirty brown
3- yellow-brown
4- gray-yellow
What are the 5 factors that influence the severity of a backdraft?
1-type of gasses, temperature, pressure, and make up
2- size and location of the areas involved
3-type and size of the openings made by the fire dept
4-proximity of the openings in relation to the fire
5-amount of turbulence in the building caused by wind and hose streams
A room or fire area only requires ___%___ of its space to contain the explosive mixture for the entire area to possibly explode.
25%
At a taxpayer fire, all horizontal and initial vertical ventilation must be controlled, communicated, and coordinated by whom?
Ladder company officer
When opening up the roof of a taxpayer, how large should the opening be, and should it be close to the fire or remote from it?
Opening should be 8’x8’
Should be close to it, remote from the fire may cause fire to spread
At a taxpayer what is the recommended size of the roof cut, and how many saws and how many members are making this cut (if possible)
8’x8’ and 2 saws and 4 members
An engine company is asked to use a stream to vent a taxpayer,
1-what nozzle should they use?
2- how big should the spray be?
3-how far back from the opening should they be?
1- FT2 tip for fog pattern
2- fog stream should cover the opening
3- stand 4-5ft back from opening
Generally wood joists run how?
Short side or long side of the building
Short side
At taxpayer fires in the cellar it is often common to have to cut the floor, where and where not should this cut be made?
As close as possible to windows
Away from doors and isles
A taxpayer has a bowstring truss, under what fire conditions is it permitted to operate on the truss?
Under no circumstances
Taxpayer
Which of the following should exterior operations be the primary tactical consideration:
1-fire in a vacant with a bowstring truss
2-advanced fire where the underside of the roof or timber trusses are involved in the fire.
Both should be exterior attacks
T or f
Newer taxpayers use open web light weight steel joist for the roof structure. Most common is corrugated steel with roof joist spaced 4-6ft apart.
True
Do not cut these roofs, use skylights or scuttle covers to vent
How do you identify a gypsum roof and what do you do when its observed at a fire?
Identified by a white powered when cutting. When observed, stop cutting, notify ic and evacuate the roof.
How wide should a trench cut be:
1-up to 3’ wide
2-at least 3’ wide
3- 2-4’ wide
2- at least 3ft wide
A trench cut is a cut made the full length between two exterior walls or another fire stop. Which is not considered a fire stop? 1-chimney 2-shaft 3-bulkhead 4-scuttle 5-all above are firestops 6-none of 1-4
5- all are firestops
Tower ladder streams are very effective, at a taxpayer fire a properly positioned tower ladder can effectively cover a building with a frontage of ____Ft.
100ft
At a taxpayer fire, how many portable ladders should be placed and where do they go?
Minimum of 2 portables, and they should be placed to indicate the boundaries of the fire building or the divisional walls.
What size hose should be Stretched At a taxpayer fire? What is the exception?
Stretch a 2 1/2”.
Exception is after the initial attack when the striking power and water capabilities of a 2 1/2” aren’t need a 1 3/4” can be used for subsequent operations
T or f
When compatible with fire conditions, a 1 3/4” line can be stretched into the exposures at a taxpayer fire
True
T or F
At a fire in a taxpayer, Additional lines must go into adjoining stores, do not skip.
False, at a fire that is moving rapidly it might be best to skip stores to get ahead of the fire, additional lines will cover the skipped stores.
T or F
Once a trench is cut, its best to have the hose line immediately operate into the trench for effective knockdown and to prevent fire travel.
False, hose line isn’t to operate into a trench until members below the trench are withdrawn
At a taxpayer, there is. An open open interior stair to the basement as well as bilco doors from the sideway to the basement. At a basement fire does it matter which stair the 1st line uses?
The 1st line MUST go the the interior stair, and proceed down from there when conditions permit.
(FFP Taxpayers 7.2.2 D)
At a fire in a taxpayer cellar, which tactic is the last resort:
A-flood the 1st floor with a stang or tower ladder
B- Cut holes in the 1st floor and use cellar pipe or distributors
A- flooding the 1st floor is the last resort for cellar fires in a taxpayer
At a cellar fire in a taxpayer, where does the 1st engine stretch their line?
Into the occupancy above the fire
At a cellar fire in a taxpayer, which engine ensures that the sprinkler system is supplied?
The 3rd engine will ensure the sprinkler is supplied if there is a sprinkler. The 1st and 2nd engine companies will do this if conditions and manpower permit.
It’s 2pm on a Monday and your the 1st due engine at a fire in a taxpayer, where do you stretch your line?
Break the store front window and stretch there, leave the door for the occupants. (This is for store and clock loft fires)
For a fire in a cockloft of a taxpayer, where do the 1st 2 lines go?
The 1st 2 lines should go into the store that is involved
At a taxpayer, where is the life hazard?
1-at the checkout counter
2-The merchandise isles
3- the Rear of the store
3- the rear of the store, this is where the office usually is
At a fire in the store of a taxpayer, who ensures that the sprinkler system is supplied when there is one?
The 3rd engine, 1st and 2nd engines will do this if manpower and conditions permit.
At a fire in the cockloft of a taxpayer, where does the 1st engine stretch its line?
Into the most serious exposure, when exposures are not an immediate problem then go into the involved store under the fire for extinguishment
At a fire in the cockloft of a taxpayer, where does the 2nd line get stretched?
Into a different seriously exposed building/occupancy than the 1st line. (Potentially neither the 1st or second line will be under the main body of fire)
At a fire in the cockloft of a taxpayer, who ensures that the sprinkler system is supplied?
The 3rd engine ensures this, 1st and 2nd will do it if manpower and conditions permit.
T or F
At 2 story taxpayers, the second story often does not have a second means of egress, a thorough search MUST be made and all doors MUST be opened.
True
At a fire in a taxpayer, when will roof access be made via the interior?
NEVER
At a fire in a taxpayer, who gets preference to the front of the building, a tower ladder or aerial ladder?
Tower ladder
The basket of a tower ladder can be positioned ___ or ___ ft above the ground and the tower ladder stream and be directed into the stores.
1 or 2ft
T or F
At a fire in the store of a taxpayer, the cellar MUST always be checked
True
At a fire in the cellar of a taxpayer, who is responsible to shut down the utilities? 1-squad/rescue 2-1st ladder 3-additional ladder 4-2nd ladder
2- the 1st ladder shuts down utilities
At a cellar fire in a taxpayer. The 1st ov has access thru the rear. Should he:
A-find his way to the inside team and search the cellar
B-pay particular attention to the 1st floor rear of the store
B pay particular attention 1st floor rear
At a fire in the cellar of a taxpayer, where does the 2nd ladder operate?
Search adjoining stores and cellar entrances.
At a fire in the cellar of a taxpayer, who brings the saw to the roof?
1-1st roof
2- 2nd roof
3- 1st LCC
4- cellar fire don’t need a roof saw unless conditions change
2- 2nd roof
Where do fires usually originate in taxpayers?
The rear of the store, this is usually where the utilities are and storage is.
At a taxpayer fire, ventilation of the store by removal of the show window will be done if ordered by who?
1- 1st engine
2- 2nd engine
3- IC
IC orders this
For a fire in the store of a taxpayer who is responsible for:
A-search the store
B-check the cellar
C-shut down utilities
All are responsibilities of the 1st truck
T or F
For a fire at a taxpayer, other then the 1st and 2nd trucks, truck should report with 10’ and 12’ hooks along with normal tool compliment.
True
T or F
A wooden truss roof will sag or get spongey prior to failure.
False, wood fails without warning
When the engine company is using the fog nozzle for venting, how far back from the opening should they stand?
4-5ft
