TARSUS, METATARSUS: 64

Question 1

Describe the medial collateral ligament of the tarsus

Answer 1

1) LONG PART
-O: medial malleolus, I: 1°,2° tarsal+central tarsal+talus

2) SHORT PART
-TIBIOCENTRAL: loose in flexion!!!
-TIBIOTALAR: most substantial, tight in flexion.

Question 2

How much is the lateral deviation of the talus ridges from the saggital plane?

Answer 2

25°. To allow for lateral pass of pelvic limb to thoracic during gallop.

Question 3

prevalence of tarso-metatarsal sesamoid in Greyhounds

Answer 3

a) lateral plantar tarsometatarsal: 50%
b) medial intertarsal tarsometatarsal: 27%

Question 4

Describe the lateral collateral ligament of the tarsus

Answer 4

1) LONG PART:
2) SHORT PART:
-CALCANEOFIBULAR
-TALOFIBULAR

Question 5

Tarso-metatarsal vascularization and innervation

Answer 5

VASCULAR:
-dorsal: cranial tibial A -> dorsal pedal A -> dorsal metatarsal A
-plantar: saphenous -> plantar branch

NERVES:
-Sciatic
-> tibial nerve (divide in medial and lateral plantar)
->common peroneal (divide in sup and deep peroneal nerves)

Question 6

describe the four pattern of calcaneus fractures

Answer 6

1) Midbody
2) Slab (dorso-medial or lateral)
3) Avulsion (involves plantar ligaments)
4) Salter Harris 1 proximal

Question 7

common association of fractures in racin greyhounds

Answer 7

Right central tarsal + calcaneus

Question 8

Name 5 different pattern for central tarsal bone fractures

Answer 8

1) nondisplaced dorsal slab
2) displaced dorsal slab
3) large medial fragment
4) medial slab fracture
5) comminuted

Question 9

most common pattern for central tarsal bone fractures

Answer 9

4 and 5

Question 10

typical fracture dislocation in Border Collies

Answer 10

Fract-disloc Central tarsal bone.

1) fracture plantar process
2) loss of buttress support

Question 11

Shearing injury approach

Answer 11

1) contamination and possible infection
2) loss of vital structures
3) instability
4) remanining bone sufficient?

Question 12

most common breeds associated with external metatarsal rotation

Answer 12

Bernese, great pyrenees

Question 13

main components of the common calcaneal tendon

Answer 13

gastrocnemius
gracilis+semitendinosus+biceps femoris
sup dig flexor

Question 14

overrepresented breed for partial gastrocnemius avulsion

Answer 14

labrador retriever and dobermann pinscher

Question 15

screw diameter for calcaneoscrews in cats

Answer 15

2 mm

Question 16

overrepresented breed for luxation of Supercicial digital flexor tendon

Answer 16

collies, shetland, racing greyhounds

Question 17

common side for luxation of the SDFT

Answer 17

lateral.

Question 18

pantarsal arthrodesis angle

Answer 18

135-145° dogs
115-125° cats