CARPUS: 55

Question 1

DORSAL CARPAL LIGAMENTS

Answer 1

• short radial collateral
• short ulnar collateral
• dorsal radiocarpal

Question 2

PALMAR CARPAL LIGAMENTS

Answer 2

• medial collateral
• lateral collateral
• accessoro-metacarpal IV
• accessoro-metacarpal V
• palmar radiocarpal
• palmar ulnocarpal

Question 3

CARPAL LIGAMENTS WITH THE HIGHEST ELASTIC MODULES

Answer 3

accessorometacarpal

Question 4

bones of the carpus

Answer 4

radial carpal, ulnar carpal

1, 2, 3, 4,

accessory carpal

Question 5

what is the only bones to wich the palmar fibrocartilage is not attached?

Answer 5

accessory carpal

Question 6

carpal anatomy difference cat vs dog

Answer 6

CAT:

-absence straigh part of medial collateral ligament (antebrachial luxt with only partial tear of ligament)

DOG:

-lacks dorsal elastic ligament attacched to head of the middle phalanx+ head medial phalanx is different (not able to retract claw)

Question 7

median antebrachial angle at walk

Answer 7

18°

Question 8

radial carpal bone fracture predisposition

Answer 8

male, breed (boxer, english spaniels, setter, pointer)

Question 9

most common carpal bone fracture configuration

Answer 9

1) dorsal slab fracture
2) midbody saggital
3) comminuted T shaped

Question 10

Criteria for intervention in metacarpal/metatarsal fracture

Answer 10

1) more than 2
2) 3 and 4 metacarpal are both involved
3) articular fractures
4) segment displaced >50%
5) athletic/large breed dogs
6) fracture involves base metacarpal/metatarsal 2 or 5

Question 11

metacrarpal fracture classification

Answer 11

Dee and Dee

1) endosteal and cortical bone thickening
2) minimally displaced hairline fractures
3) complete with displacement

Question 12

where is the most common site of carpal hyperextension?

Answer 12

1) carpometacarpal 47%
2) antebrachiocarpal 31%
3) middle carpal 22%

Question 13

median and acceptable angles for pancarpal arthrodesis

Answer 13

10-12 optimal
beetween 10 to 47

Question 14

sesamoid most commonly involved in fracture

Answer 14

2 and 7. statistically fewer vascular foramina.

Question 15

carpal bone tipically associated with fracture

Answer 15

intermedioradial carpal bone

accessory bone

Question 16

intermedioradial bone fracture pattern

Answer 16

-dorsal slab
-midbody saggital (dorso prox lat to palmaro dist med)
-comminuted T shaped

-(male predilection and breed predilection= boxer springer s, setter, pointer)
racing Greyhounds

Question 17

on what side tipically accessory carpal bone fracture occurs in Greyhounds?

Answer 17

right carpus (external arm in counterclockwise tracks)

Question 18

most common accessory bone fracture

Answer 18

type 1

Question 19

accessory bone fracture classification

Answer 19

1) avulsion distal articular surface with ulnar carpal bone
2) proximal articular surface with ligaments that connects to radio and ulna
3) avulsion distal surface at palmar end
4) avulsion tendon flexor carpi ulnaris (caudoproximal surface)
5) comminuted

Question 20

breed predisposition to collateral ligaments sprain

Answer 20

dobernamm pinscher. in a case series of 10, 8 pinschers. in another case series 2 Border collies

Question 21

most common presentation for carpal hyperextension in cats

Answer 21

subluxated (contrary to dogs where tipically there is no luxation-sublux), after a high-rise fall

Question 22

Arthrodesis carpus: plate recommandation for metacarpal

Answer 22

longer than 50% of the whole metacarpus, and crews <40% bone diameter

Question 23

carpal laxity syndrome, signalment

Answer 23

5 to 27 weeks dogs, 2:1 male on female. recovery usually in 1-4 weeks.