Takeoffs and Climbs

Question 1

Describe a normal takeoff and climb.

Answer 1

When the Airplane is:

1. headed directly into the wind or the wind is very light,
2. the takeoff surface is firm with no obstructions
3. sufficient length to permit the airplane to accelerate

Question 2

Discuss the importance of a thorough knowledge of normal takeoff and climb principles and procedures.

Answer 2

• both in theory and practice one of the most important parts of flying
• Different conditions requiere great pilot skills
• Even id it is relatively simple, often presents the most hazards of any part of a flight.

Question 3

What are the steps involved in performing a normal takeoff and climb procedure?

Answer 3

• The takeoff roll
• The Lift off
• The initial climb after becoming airborne:

Question 4

Discuss The takeoff roll

Answer 4

• Centerline
• Throttle smoothly and continuously to maximum
• Maintain directional control with rudder; slight rudder pressure
• Glance at the engine instruments

Question 5

Discuss liftoff

Answer 5

• As soon as all flight controls become effective during the takeoff roll, back pressure
• Adjust and maintain liftoff attitude for VX or VY;
• Keep the wings level and establish an initial heading.

Question 6

Discuss The initial climb after becoming airborne:

Answer 6

• Establish pitch attitude for VX or VY
• Retrim aircraft
• Maintain takeoff power until 500 AGL above surrounding terrain;
• Adjust heading to maintain track of extended runway centerline.

Question 7

What are the standards expected of a student for a normal takeoff and climb?

Answer 7

a. to ensure runway incursion avoidance.
b. knowledge of the elements related to normal and crosswind takeoff, climb operations, and rejected takeoff procedures.
c. Determines wind direction
d. Calculates/determines crosswind component
e. Positions flight controls
f. Clears the area, taxies onto the runway, and aligns the airplane on the runway centerline.
g. the throttle smoothly to takeoff power.
h. Rotates and lifts off at the recommended airspeed and accelerates to VY.
i. Establishes a pitch attitude that will maintain VY ±5 knots.*
j. Retracts the landing gear
k. Maintains takeoff power and VY ±5* knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
l. Maintains directional control, proper wind-drift correction throughout the takeoff and climb.
m. Complies with noise abatement procedures.
n. Completes appropriate checklists.

Question 8

What are the standards for Private pilot take off

Answer 8

Establish pitch attitude for VY, maintain VY +10/-5 knots during climb.

Question 9

What are the common errors students make when performing normal takeoffs and climbs?

Answer 9

a. Improper runway incursion avoidance procedures.
b. Improper use of controls during a normal takeoff.
d. Improper climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (VY).

• Inadequate compensation for torque/P-factor during initial climb resulting in a sideslip.
• Overcontrol of elevators during initial climbout.
• Limiting scan to areas directly ahead of the airplane (pitch attitude and direction), resulting in allowing a wing (usually the left) to drop immediately after lift-off.
• Failure to attain/maintain best rate-of-climb airspeed (VY).
• Failure to employ the principles of attitude flying during climb-out, resulting in “chasing” the airspeed indicator.
• Not retracting flaps/gear as appropriate.
• Drift during climb — allowing airplane to drift away from runway extended centerline; not clearing area directly in front of aircraft during climb.

e. Improper use of checklist

• Does not use checklist consistently.
• Fails to complete checklist at the appropriate time.

Question 10

Explain Improper runway incursion avoidance procedures.

Answer 10

• Failure clear the area
• Does not check for traffic
• Does not read back runway crossing and hold short instructions.
• Unfamiliar with airport signage.

Question 11

Explain Improper use of controls during a normal takeoff.

Answer 11

• Failure to check engine instruments
• Flaps not set as recommended.
• Improper power application — abrupt use of throttle or not applying full power.
• Poor directional control — not correcting for torque effect; overcorrecting for left turning tendency.

Question 12

Explain Improper lift-off procedures.

Answer 12

• Relying solely on the airspeed indicator rather than feel for indications of speed and airplane controllability during acceleration and lift-off.
• Failure to attain proper lift-off attitude — allowing the takeoff roll to continue, causing the airplane to remain on the runway too long.
• Forcing airplane off the runway — too much pitch attitude too soon; airplane lifts off at too slow an airspeed causing it to settle back to the runway.

Question 13

Explain Improper climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (VY).

Answer 13

• Inadequate compensation for torque/P-factor during initial climb resulting in a sideslip.
• Overcontrol of elevators during initial climbout.
• Limiting scan to areas directly ahead of the airplane (pitch attitude and direction), resulting in allowing a wing (usually the left) to drop immediately after lift-off.
• Failure to attain/maintain best rate-of-climb airspeed (VY).
• Failure to employ the principles of attitude flying during climb-out, resulting in “chasing” the airspeed indicator.
• Not retracting flaps/gear as appropriate.
• Drift during climb — allowing airplane to drift away from runway extended centerline; not clearing area directly in front of aircra

Question 14

Explain Improper use of checklist

Answer 14

• Does not use checklist consistently.
• Fails to complete checklist at the appropriate time.

Question 15

1. Describe a crosswind takeoff and climb.

Answer 15

Takeoff performed when the wind direction is from other than directly in front of the airplane.

Question 16

1. What are the principles and procedures involved in a crosswind takeoff and climb?

Answer 16

1. Crosswind takeoff roll:
2. Crosswind liftoff:
3. Initial crosswind climb

Question 17

1. Explain the Crosswind takeoff roll:

Answer 17

• ### Taxi into takeoff position and check strength and direction of wind.
• Start takeoff roll with full aileron control into the wind.
• Reduce the aileron input accordingly

Question 18

1. Explain: Crosswind liftoff:

Answer 18

• If a significant crosswind exists, the main wheels should be held on the ground slightly longer
• ### •Maintain drift correction or plane will go side- ways with the wind.

Question 19

1. Explain Initial crosswind climb:

###

Answer 19

• ### Counteract the drifting effect of the wind.
• “crab“ to counteract the wind and then the wings rolled level.
• Follow a ground track aligned with the runway direction.

Question 20

1. What are the standards expected of a student for a crosswind takeoff and climb?

Answer 20

1. Runway incursion avoidance
2. Know elements related to normal and crosswind takeoff, climb operations, and rejected takeoff procedures.
3. Ascertains wind direction
4. Calculates/determines crosswind component
5. Positions flight controls for existing wind conditions.
6. Clears the area
7. Advances the throttle smoothly to takeoff power.
8. Rotates and lifts off at the recommended airspeed and accelerates to VY.
9. Establishes a pitch attitude that will maintain VY knots.*
10. Retracts the landing gear if appropriate, and flaps after a positive rate of climb is established.
11. Maintains takeoff power and V + S* knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
12. Maintains directional control, proper wind-drift correction through- out the takeoff and climb.
13. Complies with noise abatement procedures.
14. Completes appropriate checklists.

Question 21

1. What are the common errors students make when performing crosswind takeoffs and climbst

Answer 21

1. Improper runway incursion avoidance procedures.
2. Improper use of controls during a normal or crosswind takeoff.
3. Improper lift-off procedures.
4. Improper climb attitude, power setting, and airspeed (V ).
5. Improper use of checklist.

Question 22

What kind of msitakes can pilot do during takeoffs on addition to normal takeoffs?

Answer 22

• Premature lift-off resulting in side-skipping —
• lifts off at too slow an airspeed, causing it to settle back to the runway while drifting sideways.
• Allowing the upwind wing to rise prematurely on lift-off causing air- plane to skip sideways
• Excessive aileron input in the latter stage of the takeoff roll resulting in a steep bank into the wind at lift-off.

Question 23

1. What are the standards expected of a student for short-field takeoff and climb? (FAA-S-ACS-7)

Answer 23

• Runway incursion avoidance.
• Know elements related to a short-field takeoff and maximum performance climb.
• Positions the flight controls for the existing wind conditions, sets flaps as recommended.
• Clears the area
• Applies brakes (if appropriate) while advancing the throttle smoothly to takeoff power.
• Rotates and lifts off at the recommended airspeed
• Establishes a pitch attitude that will maintain the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed, or Vx, + 5/-0 knots, until the obstacle is cleared, or until the airplane is 60 feet above the surface*.
• After clearing the obstacle, establishes the pitch attitude for Vi, accelerates to Vi, and maintains VY, +5 knots, during the climb.
• Retracts the landing gear, if appropriate and flaps after clear of any obstacles or as recommended by manufacturer.
• Maintains takeoff power and VY + 5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
• Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout the takeoff and climb
• Completes appropriate checklist.

Question 24

Short field take off porivate standard

Answer 24

Establishes a pitch attitude that will mnintoin the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed, or Vg, + 10a-5 knots, until the obstacle is cleared, or until the airplane is 50 feet above the surface.