tablets ppt Flashcards
sugar for palatability; adds 50% to tablet bulk
Sugar-Coated (CT)
broken and chewed before ingestion; mannitol (50% of tablet bulk); xylitol (sugar free)
Chewable (CT)
coated with a thin layer of a polymer
capable of forming a skinlike film; less bulky
Film-Coated (CT)
disintegrate in intestinal fluid; delayed release
Enteric-Coated (CT)
compressing the fill material more than once
Multiple Compressed Tablet
ex. Halazone tablets and KMnO4 tablets for solution
Tablets for Solution
compressed granular effervescent salts; Na bicarbonate + citric acid + tartaric acid
Effervescent Tablet
dissolved at the buccal/cheeks of the mouth
Buccal Tablet
dissolved under the tongue
Sublingual
aka Compounding Tablets; for extemporaneous compounding, never dispensed as Dosage Form
Dispensing Tablet (MT/TT)
no longer used because of the difficulty in achieving sterility
Hypodermic Tablets (MT/TT)
aka Vaginal inserts; bullet or ovoid shaped inserted for local or systemic effects
Vaginal Tablet (MT/TT)
designed to release their medication with no rate controlling features
Immediate Release
have drug release features based on time, course, and/or location
Modified Release
aka Controlled Release; release medication over an extended period
Extended Release
release at a time other than promptly after administration
Delayed Release
2 single doses, one for immediate, another for delayed
Repeat Action
directed towards a region, tissue, or site of absorption
Targeted Release
Contains one or more medicinal agents in a flavoured, sweetened base intended to dissolve slowly in the mouth
Lozenges
Sugar based lozenges on a stick and contain fentanyl citrate
Lollipops
Compressed lozenges; discoid shaped
Troches
Molded lozenges ;Softer and has a higher concentration of sugar or gelatin
Pastilles
SDF other than suppositories for insertion to body orifices
Inserts
Small, sterile SDF containing a concentrated drug for SC implantation where it continuously release the medication over long periods
Implants/Pellets
- consider compatibility with excipients
- Excipients need compatible with the API
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Inert substance added to increase tablet size which is practical for
Diluent/Filler/Bulking Agent
diluent compatible to nearly all except avid drugs
Lactose
• Imparts cohesiveness to powders causing them to form granules.
• Mostly Sticky materials
Binder/Granulators
•Facilitates the break up of the tablet when in contact with water/ fluid or in aqueous medium in the GIT.
Disintegrants
• Newer class of disintegrants which are effective at much lower levels (2-4%)
• Alternative to traditional disintegrants
• Has large size
Superdisintegrants
• Antifrictionals or Flow Activators (Stop the friction improve the flow properly)
• Hydrophobic powders added prior to compression to reduce friction and
improve flow properties
Compression Aids
Facilitates ejection of tablet from die cavity
Lubricant
reduces sticking to the punch or die
Anti-Adherent
enhances flow of the granules
Glidants
3 roles (glidant, antiadherent, lubricant) - most Common antifrictional
Mg stearate
Acidic counterpart of Mg stearate
Stearic Acid
Acidic counterpart of Mg stearate
Stearic Acid
Water soluble colorants used as a solutions - Organic colorants
-FD & C
Dyes
Water insoluble colorants that have been absorbed on Hydrous Oxide and used as Dry powders
- Use in topical preparations , cosmetics
-D & C
Lakes
stores materials for compressing
Hopper
distributes materials into dies
Feed Frame
controls the size and shape of the tablet
Dies
compacts materials within the dies (also controls shape)
Punches
guide the punches
Cams
tablet press that produces about 200 tabs per min
Single-punch press / Eccentric press
tablet press that produces over 10,000 tabs per min
Rotary press/multi station press
• First step in any manufacturing process
• weighing and measuring
Dispensing
It is the unit operation in which the size of solid pieces of a material is reduced by the application of mechanical force.
Size Reduction
Strain between two surfaces moving in opposite directions or one moving and one stationary producing shearing action.
Ex. Colloid Mill
Attrition
• Strain is between two or more sharp edged surfaces.
• lt is used for fibrous materials as wood and paper
Ex. Cutter Mill
Cutting
Equipment used in size reduction
Ball Mil
Hammer Mill
opposes particle fracture and size reduction ceases. In some cases particle agglomeration occurs to such a degree that subsequent milling actually causes size enlargement.
Particle Agglomeration
It is a process by which powder particles are removed from a fluid (gases or liquids).
Solid Separation
