T7 Thermoregulation

Question 1

How is a change in temperature detected

Answer 1

Thermoreceptors in the skin and hypothalamus

Question 2

Name 4 ways core body temperature is decreased

Answer 2

Vasodilation
Hair erector muscles relaxed
No shivering
Sweat glands release sweat

Question 3

Name 4 ways core body temperature is increased

Answer 3

Vasoconstriction
Hair erector muscles contract
Skeletal muscles contract causing shivering
Less sweat is produced

Question 4

Explain how vasodilation reduces core body temperature

Answer 4

Shunt vessel constricts
Arterioles dilate
More blood flows closer to the skin
Loses more thermal energy

Question 5

Explain why relaxed hair erector muscles lying flat reduces core body temp

Answer 5

Allows thermal energy to be lost

Question 6

Explain how vasoconstriction increases core temperature

Answer 6

Shunt vessel dilates
Causes arterioles to constrict
less blood flows closer to the skin so less thermal energy is lost

Question 7

Explain changes in the hair erector muscles that lead to core body temperature increasing

Answer 7

Hair erector muscles contract
Traps a layer of air around the skin which acts as thermal insulation, preventing thermal energy from being losts

Question 8

Explain changes in the skeletal muscles that lead to core body temperature increasing

Answer 8

Skeletal muscles contract which causes shivering
Increases metabolic rate, generating heat

Question 9

What is sweat production like when body temperature is too low

Answer 9

It decreases to prevent thermal energy from being lost

Question 10

What is sweat production like when core body temperature is too high

Answer 10

Sweat glands contract more
More sweat released
When sweat evaporates this causes the body to lose thermal energy