T4- Chapter 28 Nutrition Flashcards
1
Q
what are factors that affect nutrition?
A
- religion
- socioeconomic status
- appetite
- environmental factors
- disease and illness
- medications
- age
2
Q
what % of caloric intake should be from fat?
A
no more than 35%
3
Q
nutrition factors for newborns
A
- solid foods starting at 4-6 months
- no cows milk or honey for first year
- breast milk should provide: 108kcal/g of weight for first 6 months, 98kcal/g of weight in the second 6 months
4
Q
toddles(1-3years) and preschoolers(3-6 years)
A
- need fewer calories than infants
- need increased protein from sources other than milk
- calcium and phosphorus are important for bone health
- nutrient density is important
5
Q
school age(6-12 years)
A
- need supervision to consume adequate protein and vitamins C and A
- tend to eat foods high in carbohydrates, fat, and salts
- grow at a lower and steadier weight
6
Q
adolescents (12-20 years)
A
- metabolic demands are high and require more energy
- protein, calcium, iron, iodine, folic acid, and vitamin B needs are high
7
Q
young adults (20-35years) and middle adults(35-65 years)
A
- decreased need for most nutrients
- calcium and iron are essential minerals for women
- good oral health is important
8
Q
older adults (over 65 years)
A
- slower metabolic rate requires fewer calories
- thirst sensations diminish, increases risk for dehydration
- calcium is important
- many older adults require carbs that provide fiber
9
Q
anorexia nervosa
A
- significantly low body weight for gender and age
- fear of being fat
- consistent restriction of food intake or repeated behavior that prevents weight gain
10
Q
bulimia nervosa
A
- cycle of binge eating followed by purging
- lack of control during binges
- average at least 1 cycle of binge eating and purging per week for at least 3 months
11
Q
binge eating disorder
A
- repeated episodes of binge eating
- feels loss of control
- does not use compensatory behaviors (purging)
- clients are often overweight or obese
12
Q
full liquid diet
A
clear liquids plus liquid dairy products and all juices
13
Q
pureed diet
A
clear and full liquids plus pureed meats, fruits, and scrambled eggs
14
Q
mechanical soft diet
A
clear and full liquids plus diced or ground foods
15
Q
soft/low-residue diet
A
foods that are low in fiber and easy to digest
