Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NU 307 - Nursing Fundamentals > T3 - Chapter 36 Skin Integrity & Wound Healing > Flashcards

T3 - Chapter 36 Skin Integrity & Wound Healing Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Nursing Fundamentals flashcards Nursing Pharmacology flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards Nursing Mental Health flashcards Nursing Safety & Infection flashcards Nursing Adult Health flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards Nursing Management of Care flashcards Nursing Pediatrics flashcards Nursing Maternity flashcards
1
Q

epidermis

A

outer portion of the skin and is made up of 4 or 5 layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

stratum germinativum

A

innermost layer of epidermis and continually produces new cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

infants and children

A
  • skin is thinner and more permeable

- more prone to skin breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

adolescents and adults

A

-sex hormones release during puberty and increase sweat gland activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

older adults

A
  • drier skin
  • xerosis
  • wound healing takes longer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why is protein essential?

A

helps maintain healthy skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

why is cholesterol essential?

A
  • helps prevent skin breakdown

- low cholesterol makes skin prone to breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what happens if caloric intake is inadequate?

A
  • body uses protein for energy and then its unavailable for building and maintenance
  • weight loss, loss of subcutaneous tissue, and muscle atrophy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what vitamins and minerals are involved in formation of collagen?

A
  • ascorbic acid
  • zinc
  • copper
  • vitamin C
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

macetration

A

excessive exposure to moisture that leads to skin breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

excoriation

A

when superficial skin layers get scrapped off often through digestive enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

contamination of wound

A

there are microorganisms in the wound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

colonization of wound

A

bacteria increase in number but dont cause harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

critical colonization

A

bacteria begin to overwhelm the bodies defenses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

infection

A

bacteria are causing harm by releasing toxins or invading body tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

closed wound

A

no breaks in the skin

ex: bruises or tissue swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

open wound

A

when there is a break in the skin or mucous membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

actue wound

A

heal spontaneous without complications through the 3 phases of wound healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

chronic wound

A

exceed expected recovery time because the natural healing process has been interrupted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

clean wound

A

uninfected with minimal inflammation

limited risk for infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

clean-contaminated wound

A

surgical incisions that enter GI, respiratory, or genitourinary tracts
increased risk of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

contaminated wounds

A

open/traumatic/surgical with a break in asepsis

high risk of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

infected wounds

A

bacteria is above 100,000 organisms per gram of tissue

s/s: swelling, fever, foul oder, drainage, warmth to surrounding tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

abrasion

A

scrape in superficial layers of skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

abscess

A
  • localized collection of pus resulting from invasion of pathogen
  • must be opened and drained in order to heal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

contusion

A

closed wound caused by blunt trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

crushing

A
  • caused by force leading to compression or disruption of tissue
  • usually no break in the skin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

incision

A

open, intentional wound caused by a sharp instrument

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

laceration

A
  • skin or mucous membrane are torn open

- wound often has jagged margins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

penetrating

A

open wound with an object lodged in it

31
Q

puncture

A

wound caused by sharp object

32
Q

tunnel

A

wound with an entrance and exit site

33
Q

pressure injury

A
  • caused by prolonged pressure or shear

- located over boney prominences

34
Q

arterial ulcers

A
  • blockage of arterial blood to an area, causes tissue necrosis
  • s/s: commonly found in lower leg, loss of hair in surrounding area, delayed capillary refill, very painful at night and with increased activity
35
Q

venous stasis ulcers

A
  • due to incompetent venous valves or inadequate calf muscle function
  • results in venous pooling, edema, impaired circulation of skin
  • s/s: surrounding skin is reddened or brown
  • pain occurs with leg dependence or dressing changes
36
Q

diabetic foot ulcer

A
  • narrowing of arteries, reduced O2 to feet result in delayed wound healing
  • s/s: often painless, mainly on planter surfaces and toes
37
Q

superficial wounds

A
  • only the epidermal layer

- injury usually result of friction, shearing, or burning

38
Q

partial-thickness

A

extend through the epidermis but not through the dermis

39
Q

full-thickness

A

extend into subcutaneous tissue and beyond

40
Q

regenerative/epithelial healing

A
  • when wound only effects epidermis

- no scar

41
Q

primary intention healing

A
  • minimal or no tissue loss
  • little scaring is expected
  • surgical wounds heal this way
42
Q

secondary intention healing

A
  • extensive tissue loss
  • wound is left open and heals from inner layer to surface by filling with granulated tissue
  • heal slowly and more prone to infection
43
Q

tertiary intention healing

A
  • when two surfaces of granulated tissue are brought together
  • require strict aseptic technique
  • less scaring than secondary
44
Q

what are the phases of healing?

A
  • inflammatory
  • proliferative
  • maturation
45
Q

inflammatory

A
  • cleansing

- lasts 1-5 days

46
Q

proliferative

A
  • granulation
  • lasts 5-21 days
  • collagen is formed here
47
Q

maturation

A
  • epithelialization
  • remodling
  • 3-6 months
48
Q

approximated

A

closed, with the wounds edges touching each other

49
Q

bulla

A

blister greater than 1 cm in diameter that is filled with clear fluid
commonly seen in burns

50
Q

cyst

A

abnormal, closed epithelium sac that contains a liquid

51
Q

dehiscence

A

opening of edges of a surgical wound with partial or total separation of wound layers

52
Q

ecchymosis

A

hemorrhagic spot caused by bleeding under the skin and irregularly formed in blue, purple, or yellow patches

53
Q

erythema

A

reddening of skin caused by congestion of capillaries

54
Q

eschar

A

slough produced by thermal burn, corrosive application, or gangrene

55
Q

granulation

A

development of red, moist tissue made up of new blood vessels
indicates progress of wound healing

56
Q

hematoma

A

localized collection of blood underneath tissues, appearing as swelling or mass with bluish discoloration

57
Q

keloid

A

enlarged, elevated scar due to excess collagen

58
Q

petechiae

A

minute reddish or purplish spots containing blood that appear in skin or mucous membrane as a result of hemorrhage in dermal layers

59
Q

pruritus

A

itching

60
Q

purulent

A
  • wound drainage that is yellow, green or brown

- sign that infection is present

61
Q

dry dressings

A
  • simple

- can be used in sterile and clean environments

62
Q

wet to dry dressings

A
  • used for wounds requiring debridement
  • as dressing drys it pulls exudate from wound
  • can become macerated
63
Q

foam dressing

A

-can be beneficial over boney prominences

64
Q

transparent film dressing

A

-allow for more oxygen exchange

65
Q

antiseptic agents

A

-inhibits or kills microorganisms

66
Q

antibacterial agents

A
  • destroy bacteria and inhibit growth

ex: neomycin or bacitracin

67
Q

anti-fungal agents

A

ex: nystatin, ketoconazole, and miconazole

68
Q

serous drainage

A

portion of blood that is water and clear or slightly yellow in appearance

69
Q

sanguineous draingage

A

contains serum and red blood cells, its thick and reddish

70
Q

serosanguineous drainage

A
  • contains both serum and blood

- appears watery and pink

71
Q

hydrocolloid dressing

A
  • swells in the presence of exudate
  • forms seal on skins surface to prevent evaporation of moisture
  • maintains a granulating wound bed
  • can stay in place for 3-5 days
72
Q

hydrogel dressing

A
  • promotes cooling
  • rehydrates and fills dead space
  • good for infected, deep wounds or necrotic tissue
  • prevents skin breakdown
73
Q

alginates

A

-non adherent dressing that conforms to wounds shape and absorbs drainage

74
Q

evisceration

A

a dehiscence that involves the protrusion of visceral organs through a wound opening

NU 307 - Nursing Fundamentals (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions