T2 - ATI IV Therapy Flashcards
bevel
the slanted surface at the tip of a needle
bifurcation
division into two branches or fork
butterfly needle
a small, winged-tip needle used to initiate intravenous access
cannula
a tube inserted into a vessel, duct, or cavity
catheter hub
the “handle” of an intravenous catheter, the part that allows access to the catheter’s lumen for a variety of functions, such as the injection or infusion of fluids or drugs or the introduction of a guide wire
colonization
implantation and growth of a micro-organism on or in a host
central venous catheter
a blood-vessel access device usually inserted into the subclavian or jugular vein with the distal tip resting in the superior vena cava just above the right atrium; used for long-term intravenous therapy or parenteral nutrition
drip chamber
the portion of an intravenous administration set that lies just below the tubing insertion spike and allows visualization of the individual drops of solution being infused; the portion squeezed and released to begin the flow of solution immediately after insertion of the spike into the solution bag or bottle when preparing an intravenous infusion set
drip factor or drop factor
the calibration or number of drops per milliliter of solution delivered for a particular drip chamber
embolus
a blood clot or a bolus of air developed in or introduced into a blood vessel that moves from its place of origin and is capable of obstructing blood circulation
flash chamber
the portion of an over-the-needle catheter that allows observation of a blood return when the catheter enters a vein
fluid-volume deficit
loss of both water and electrolytes from the extracellular fluid; also called hypovolemia
heparin lock
an intravenous catheter inserted into a vein and left in place for the intermittent administration of medication through its port or as an open line for emergency situations and intermittently flushed with a heparin solution to maintain patency
hypertonic
referring to a solution that has a higher osmolarity than body fluids have
hypotonic
referring to a solution that has a lower osmolarity than body fluids have
infiltration
seepage or introduction of fluid, such as intravenous fluid, into the tissues surrounding a blood vessel; similar to extravasation
infusion
slow, intentional introduction of fluid into a vein
infusion pump
device that delivers intravenous fluids via positive pressure at a specific preset rate
injection cap
a rubber cap attached to the end of an intervenous catheter or extension tubing to allow access to the blood vessel for injecting fluid
injection port
a small, covered, branched portion of intravenous tubing configured as a place to inject medication or fluid into the infusing solution
intravascular
within a blood vessel
introducer needle
the needle inside an over-the-needle catheter used to pierce the wall of a vein to initiate intravenous access that is withdrawn and discarded after the catheter is properly positioned within the vein
isotonic
referring to a solution that has the same osmolarity as body fluids
over-the-needle catheter
a plastic catheter that fits over a needle and is used to pierce the wall of a vein to initiate intravenous access
patent
open and unobstructed
percutaneous
performed through the skin
peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
a catheter used for long-term intravenous access and inserted in the basilic or cephalic vein just above or below the antecubital space with the tip of the catheter resting in the superior vena cava
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
roller clamp
device with intravenous tubing threaded through it that acts as a valve when turned (rolled) to increase, decrease, or stop the flow of fluid through the tubing
saline lock
an intravenous catheter inserted into a vein and left in place for the intermittent administration of medication through its port or as an open line for emergency situations and intermittently flushed with normal saline solution to maintain patency
thrombosis
the formation or presence of a stationary blood clot within a blood vessel
time tape
self-adhesive, coated tape used for labeling an intravenous infusion, for example, with the time it was started
transparent dressing
a protective covering often used over intravenous insertion sites to allow easy visualization of the site for signs of inflammation
vascular access device (VAD)
an umbrella term that includes a variety of catheters, cannulas, and infusion ports that allow intermittent or continuous access to a blood vessel
venipuncture
inserting a needle into a vein to withdraw blood samples or to establish ongoing access to a vein
viscosity
resistance to flow; a physical property of a substance that varies with the friction of its component molecules as they slide past one another; refers to thickness of fluid such as blood
