T2: Differing political views, 1789-93 Flashcards

1
Q

what was the aim of the Jacobin club when it was first established?

A
  • to preserve the gains of the revolution
  • ensure stability of city to protect property and interests of bourgeoisie
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2
Q

when was the Jacobin club established?

A

late 1789

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3
Q

what type of people did the Jacobin club attract when first established and what were its entrance fees?

A

wealthy liberal constitutional monarchists, high entrance fees

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4
Q

stats for membership of the Jacobin club?

A

1,200 members in Paris and 152 affiliated clubs across France by 1790

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5
Q

what club emerged from the Jacobin Club?

A

Feuillants

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6
Q

when did the Feuillants break away from the Jacobin club?

A

July 1791, after flight to Varennes

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7
Q

why did the Feuillants break away from the Jacobins?

A

after Flight to Varennes some more radical Jacobins supported a petition calling for removal of king (led by Robespierre). more moderate members broke away and formed Feuillants

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8
Q

what happened to the Jacobin club after the removal of their more moderate elements in July 1791?

A

became a republican faction led by Robespierre

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9
Q

when was Robespierre elected president of the Jacobin club?

A

march 1790

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10
Q

what was Robespierre nicknamed and why?

A

‘the incorruptible’, due to unwavering beliefs in liberal justice, opposed death penalty

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11
Q

why was Robespierre elected president of the Jacobin club in march 1790?

A

his more radical views appealed to some members

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12
Q

what did the Cordeliers club believe?

A
  • that the reforms of the Constituent Assembly fell short of the principles enshrined in the Declaration of the Rights of Man
  • opposed distinction of active bs passive citizens
  • duty to stand up for the oppressed
  • believed in popular action and insurrection to hold gov accountable
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13
Q

when was the Cordeliers club created?

A

spring 1790

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14
Q

who established the Cordeliers club?

A

Danton

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15
Q

why did Danton establish the Cordeliers?

A

believed the CA didn’t represent the interests of the lower classes

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16
Q

what did the Girondins believe in?

A

republicans, wanted monarchy abolished

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17
Q

who established the Girondins?

A

Brissot

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18
Q

what type of people did the Cordeliers attract?

A

educated members of the public, lower entrance fees

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19
Q

when were the Girondins created?

A

April 1792

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20
Q

how were the Girondins created?

A

Brissot surrounding himself with like-minded people, all skilled orators

21
Q

were the Jacobins pro or anti war with Austria?

A

anti

22
Q

were the Girondins pro or anti war with Austria?

A

pro

23
Q

what club had Brissot previously been a member of? why did he leave?

A

Jacobins, left over disagreement about war with Austria

24
Q

what was the economic climate like in the months and years after the revolution of summer 1789?

A

economic conditions continues to decline.
- inflation (partly due to overprinting of assignats)
- bad harvest 1791 increased bread prices

25
Q

why were the economic conditions poor in the months and years after 1789?

A
  • inflation, partly due to overprinting of assignats by CA
  • bad harvest 1791 increased bread prices
26
Q

when was there a bad harvest?

A

1791

27
Q

why was inflation high/?

A

partly due to assignat being overprinted

28
Q

what happened as a result of the poor economic conditions under the CA?

A

wave of strikes and riots in 1791 - National Guard sent to maintain order

29
Q

what did the rioters and demonstrators of Paris become known as?

A

the sans-culottes

30
Q

what caused unrest in Paris in 1791?

A
  • economic conditions
  • radicalisation and agitation of political clubs
31
Q

how was unrest in Paris both the cause and consequence of radicalism of political clubs?

A
  • fuelled by agitators (consequence)
  • added legitimacy to the argument that the revolution had not gone far enough towards equality (cause)
32
Q

what was the unofficial uniform of the SC?

A

red liberty cap
striped trousers
short, straight hair

33
Q

what would sans-culottes call each other?

A

‘citizen’

34
Q

who were 2 leaders still in support of constitutional monarchy?

A
  • Lafayette
  • Mirabeau
35
Q

who was Mirabeau and what did he believe?

A

one of the leading politicians in the CA in the early revolution, opposed despotism but not a republican

36
Q

why was Mirabeau accused of being a monarchist?

A
  • worked with royal family to try and reach a compromise between them and the radical deputies of the CA
  • emerged that he was being paid by royal court to support their cause in late 1790
37
Q

when did it emerge that Mirabeau was being paid by the royal court?

A

late 1790

38
Q

what de-legitamised Mirabeau?

A

emerged he was being paid by royal court to support their cause

39
Q

what was the impact of the Mirabeau scandal?

A

negative press- made other deputies less willing to work with the king

40
Q

when did Mirabeau die?

A

April 1791

41
Q

what was the impact of Mirabeau’s death?

A

another blow to those favouring constitutional monarchy

42
Q

how did Lafayette try to prevent radicalism?

A

through National Guard

43
Q

what did Lafayette use the NG to try to do?

A

prevent radicalism

44
Q

when was the Monarchy club established in Paris?

A

1790

45
Q

what did the Monarchy club want?

A

complete restoration of Louis’ position

46
Q

were the Monarchy club popular?

A

no- ceased to exist by spring 1791 for this reason

47
Q

what was the impact of the Monarchy club?

A

helped fuel fears of counter-revolution

48
Q

was republicanism popular in this period?

A

NO! as CA worked towards new constitution, majority of deputies remained in favour of constitutional monarchy