T3: Terror Flashcards
when were September Massacres?
Sep 1792
how many killed in September Massacres?
at least 1,400
when was Committee of General Security set up?
Oct 1792
what did the CGS do?
oversaw revolutionary justice in Paris. 12 people.
what does CGS stand for?
Committee of General Security
when were the first wave of Representatives on Mission deployed to the provinces?
march 1793
when did reps on mission become placed under control of CPS?
july 1793
what were reps on mission initially responsible for?
ensuring conscription carried out in the provinces
how did the role of reps on mission expand?
important link between the provinces and CPS. Some rooted out local officials they deemed to be anti-Jacobin- important in suppression of federalism.
what are examples of some atrocities that reps on mission are responsible for?
Carrier sanctioned brutal executions in the Loire following Vendean revolts, d’Herbois ordered execution of 1,900 in Lyon following federalist revolt there.
what were Watch Committees?
Each commune or department had to appoint a committee of 12 people - monitored all foreign and suspicious individuals in their area. If too suspicious, sent to the Revolutionary Tribunal.
when were Watch Committees established?
march 1793
when was the Revolutionary Tribunal created?
10th March 1793
what was the Revolutionary Tribunal?
Tried suspects accused of counter-revolutionary activity.
why was the Revolutionary Tribunal created?
Danton said the power of revolutionary justice needed to be taken out of the hands of the sans-culottes and controlled by the state
the Revolutionary Tribunal was under the authority of…
the Committee of General Security
what was the punishment for a guilty verdict from the Revolutionary Tribunal?
death
was the Revolutionary Tribunal fair? why?
no - judges and jurors hand-picked
stat for number of people executed by the Rev Tribunal?
March 1793 - 10 June 1794: 1,251 executed.
what percentage of people executed by the Rev Tribunal were 3rd Estate?
85%
what was created on the 10th March 1793?
the Revolutionary Tribunal
what law came into action in March 1793?
Law of 19 March
what did the Law of 19 March stipulate?
that Rebels caught bearing arms or possessing royalist insignia put to death within 24 hours without trial. If unarmed, tried by criminal courts- death if found guilty.