Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

History- FR > T2: Attempts to create a constitution, 1789-91 > Flashcards

T2: Attempts to create a constitution, 1789-91 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards World History 101 flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards
1
Q

when was the Great Fear?

A

July-Aug 1789

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what caused the Great Fear?

A
  • events in Paris
  • rumours of an aristocratic conspiracy to burn out the Third Estate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what was the main outcome of the Great Fear?

A

the abolition of feudalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how did the Constituent Assembly respond to the Great Fear?

A

began considering the abolition of feudalism to appease the peasantry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the name for when nobles at the Assembly renounced their own privileges?

A

‘an orgy of self-sacrifice’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is described by ‘an orgy of self sacrifice’?

A

when nobles at the Constituent Assembly renounced their own privileges in response to the Great Fear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what caused nobles at the Assembly to engage in ‘an orgy of self-sacrifice’?

A

the Great Fear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what legalised the abolition of many privileges of the nobility?

A

the August Decrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when were the August Decrees?

A

4-11 Aug 1789

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what did the August Decrees do?

A

abolished many privileges of the nobility including feudalism and venality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when was the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

A

26th Aug 1789

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

who issued the Dec of Rights of Man?

A

Constituent Assembly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

who drafted the Dec of Rights of Man?

A

Marquis de Lafayette and Thomas Jefferson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

whose ideas does the Dec of Rights of Man reflect?

A

Abbe Sieyes (What is the Third Estate?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the Declaration of Rights of Man?

A

list of principles and core values that were to underpin the new constitution e.g. freedom and equality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what were the long and short term causes of the October Days?

A

LONG:
-Louis had refused to sanction the August Decrees on 5 Aug
- tensions already high as bread prices not dropped, radicals e.g. Marat, Desmoulins agitated crowds
SHORT: Louis voiced objections to the Dec of Rights of Man

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when did Louis refuse to sanction the August Decrees?

A

5 Aug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is an example of rumour that Marat and Desmoulins spread that agitated crowds?

A

that Louis’ officers had trampled a revolutionary cockade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

who spread the rumour that Louis’ officers had trampled a revolutionary cockade?

A

Marat and Desmoulins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what newspaper did Marat write?

A

L’Ami du peuple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what newspaper did Desmoulins write?

A

Les Révolutions de France

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

who wrote L’Ami du peuple?

A

Marat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

who wrote Les Revolutions de France?

A

Desmoulins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what happened in the October Days?

A

6000-7000 armed, mostly women, marched to on Versailles and to Paris, broke into palace and killed a number of guards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

how was the crowd at Versailles on 5th Oct 1789 appeased?

A

National Guard and Lafayette arrived, convinced Louis to move the Royal Court to Paris immediately. escorted him there.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

when was the October Days?

A

5th Oct 1789

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

where did the Royal Court move to after the October Days?

A

Tuileries Palace, Paris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what were the consequences of the Royal Court and Constituent Assembly being moved to Paris in October 1789?

A
  • more able to be influenced by the power of people in the city
  • 56 monarchists gave up positions in CA over fears for safety - blow to Louis’ support
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

how many monarchists gave up their positions in the CA when moved to Paris?

A

56

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what happened on 26th Aug 1789?

A

Declaration of Rights of Man

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what happened on 5th Oct 1789?

A

March on Versailles, October Days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What happened 4-11 Aug 1789?

A

legalisation of August Decrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what was the consequence of Louis not sanctioning the August Decrees?

A

tension and anger, long term factor contributing to the October Days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

in what ways did the monarchy remain the same under the Constituent Assembly’s reforms?

A
  • monarchy remained!
  • Louis still able to pick own ministers, ambassadors and military commanders
  • hereditary aspect remained
  • still had power of veto
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

in what ways was the power of the monarchy reformed under the Constituent Assembly?

A
  • no absolute monarchy
  • Louis stripped of significant legislative power - could no longer initiate new laws or taxes
36
Q

who was in charge of new laws and taxes under CA?

A

CA would write up and sanction new laws + taxes

37
Q

what could Louis do with his power of veto?

A

delay or suspend legislation for up to 4 years

38
Q

how much money was Louis granted by the CA?

A

25 million livres per year

39
Q

how did the Constituent Assembly reform political rights?

A

reformed suffrage: male citizens who paid equivalent of 3 days unskilled labour in local taxes could vote.
vote determined electors who could then vote for deputies of the CA

40
Q

when did the CA reform suffrage

A

reformed with a law passed Dec 1789

41
Q

what were the requirements to vote under the Constituent Assembly?

A
  • male citizen
  • had to pay equivalent of 3 days unskilled labour in local taxes
42
Q

what percentage of men could vote in 1789?

A

70%

43
Q

how did enfranchisement in France in 1789 compare to the rest of Europe?

A

far wider proportion of population of France could vote than in any other European state

44
Q

what initial economic reforms did the Constituent Assembly introduce?

A

abolished unpopular taxes and economic burdens in summer 1789

45
Q

what economic burdens had been abolished by the end of 1789?

A

taille, gabelle, tithes, feudal dues, internal customs duties, state monopolies, tax farming

46
Q

by when had many unpopular taxes and economic burdens been abolished?

A

end of 1789

47
Q

what were the consequences of ending the old taxation system?

A
  • time lag between old and new taxation system - major cost to state - concerning shortfall
  • sale of church land to fill shortfall
48
Q

how did the Constituent Assembly try to fill the economic shortfall?

A

sale of Church land

49
Q

why were the Constituent Assembly faced with an economic shortfall?

A

time-lag between old and new taxation system - major cost to state

50
Q

when did the Constituent Assembly nationalise all land belonging to the Catholic Church?

A

2nd Nov 1789

51
Q

what did the CA do on the 2nd Nov 1789?

A

nationalise church land

52
Q

what did the CA do with nationalised church land, as well as land of emigres?

A

sold

53
Q

what is the land of the Church and emigres sold off by the Constituent Assembly known as?

A

biens nationaux

54
Q

how much money did the CA make from biens nationaux?

A

400 million livres worth - huge boost to finances

55
Q

what land did the CA sell to make up for shortfall in finances?

A

land of Church and of emigres- biens nationaux

56
Q

how did the economic reforms of the CA affect the Third Estate?

A
  • abolition of old taxation system and economic burdens meant they could accumulate more wealth - benefitted
  • around 1/2 of biens nationaux bought by the bourgeoisie- would lease to peasants
  • significant proportion bought by peasants themselves
57
Q

what proportion of biens nationaux was bought by bourgeoisie?

A

around 1/2

58
Q

what was the process of buying biens nationaux and what was the impact?

A
  • had to buy bonds from gov in paper currency- ‘assignats’
  • printed too much, caused inflation
59
Q

when did the Constituent Assembly introduce a new taxation system?

A

Jan 1791

60
Q

what did the CA do in Jan 1791?

A

introduced new taxation system

61
Q

how did the CA’s new taxation system work?

A

all taxed direct- intended to be proportional to wealth.
new taxes included a universal land tax

62
Q

what is an example of a new tax introduced by the CA?

A

universal land tax

63
Q

what was the response to the sale of Church land?

A
  • some in favour
  • others saw as an attack on God
64
Q

what problem was caused by the nationalisation and sale of Church land?

A
  • decreased the wealth of the Church
  • not as able to provide healthcare and education to the poor as had done previously
65
Q

what effects did the economic reforms of the CA have on the Church?

A
  • abolition of tithes and nationalisation of Church land waned the wealth of the Church
  • many institutions of the Church closed e.g. healthcare and education for poor
66
Q

what was the most divisive reform of the Constituent Assembly?

A

the Civil Constitution of the Clergy - put the Church under state control

67
Q

when was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy sanctioned?

A

12th July 1790

68
Q

what was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?

A

put the Church under state control- priests and bishops paid by the state and elected by the people

69
Q

what was the response to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?

A

very divisive- major challenge to the authority of the Pope

70
Q

what did the CA insist that all priests do?

A

swear an oath of allegiance to the Assembly and Constitution

71
Q

when did the Constituent Assembly insist that all priests swear an oath of allegiance to the Assembly and Constitution?

A

27th Nov 1790

72
Q

statistic for uptake of oath of allegiance to CA?

A

only 7/83 bishops took oath, over half parish priests refused

73
Q

what were priests who refused to swear the oath of allegiance to the CA known as?

A

refractory priests

74
Q

what happened to refractory priests?

A

persecuted

75
Q

what was the response of ordinary people to the religious reforms of the CA?

A

considerable resistance from peasantry, especially in the west, Church is the centre of their lives

76
Q

what was the attitude of the Constituent Assembly to other religions (not Catholicism)?

A

freedom of religion as stated in Dec of Rights of Man
- granted full civil rights to Protestants 1789
- granted full civil rights to Jews in 1791

77
Q

when were Protestants granted full civil rights by the CA

A

1789

78
Q

when were Jews granted full civil rights by the CA?

A

1791

79
Q

when did the CA abolish Parlements?

A

Aug 1790

80
Q

what happened to lettres de cachet?

A

abolished

81
Q

what did the CA replace the previous judicial institutions with (Parlements, lettres de cachet etc)?

A

JPs

82
Q

how did the judicial system of JPs work?

A

country divided into 83 departments, each would elect a JP to oversee law and order

83
Q

how did trials work under the CA?

A

all citizens to receive same type of trial, against same laws and with a jury present

84
Q

how many departments did the CA divide France into?

A

83

85
Q

what was the attitude of the CA to censorship?

A

supported freedom of expression- removed restriction on the press and censorship

86
Q

in what ways were the reforms of the CA successful?

A

by end of 1791:
- equality in taxation
- equality before the law
- freedom of religion
- freedom of expression

  • laws created by representatives of the people
  • power of the monarchy severely curtailed
87
Q

in what ways were the reforms of the CA unsuccessful?

A
  • still an inequality of wealth - poorest could not afford biens nationaux
  • political arena for those wealthy enough to occupy a seat in the CA
  • Civil Constitution of the Clergy was a step too far for many

History- FR (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions