T1 L5: Salivary and gastric secretion

Question 1

What are the 3 major salivary glands?

Answer 1

Parotid, submandibular, and sublingual

Question 2

Where is the Parotid salivary gland found and what does it secrete?

Answer 2

Sits anterior and inferior to the ear between the masta muscle and the skin. The duct enters the mouth above the second molar tooth. It secretes serous, watery secretions containing salivary amylase

Question 3

Where is the submandibular salivary gland found and what does it secrete?

Answer 3

It’s inferior to the mandible and enters the mouth lateral to the lingual frenulum. It secretes mixed serous and mucus

Question 4

Where is the sublingual salivary gland found and what does it secrete?

Answer 4

It sits in the floor of the mouth and its ducts are found under the tongue. It secretes thicker mucus for lubrication , swallowing, initiation of digestion, and oral hygiene

Question 5

Which 2 salivary glands produce 90% of saliva?

Answer 5

The parotid and submandibular glands

Question 6

What is the function of water in saliva?

Answer 6

It dissolves food components to aid taste, swallowing, initiation of digestion, and oral hygiene

Question 7

What is the function of electrolytes in saliva?

Answer 7

To buffer acidic food contents

Question 8

What is the function of α-amylase (ptyalin) in saliva?

Answer 8

It hydrolyses α-1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch to disaccharide maltose, trisaccharide maltotriose, and α-dextrin. This is 75% of starch digestion

Question 9

What is the function of lysozyme in saliva?

Answer 9

It hydrolyses peptidoglycans in wall of gram negative bacteria

Question 10

What is the function of lingual lipase in saliva?

Answer 10

It hydrolyses triglycerides to fatty acids and diglycerides. It’s optimal at acidic pH so its activated in the stomach

Question 11

What is the function of lactoferrin in saliva?

Answer 11

It chelates iron to prevent microbial multiplication

Question 12

What is the function of Kallikrein in saliva?

Answer 12

It converts plasma protein α-2-globulin into bradykinin (A vasocontricter)

Question 13

What is the function of secretory IgA in saliva?

Answer 13

It prevents microbial attachment to epithelium

Question 14

What is the function of mucin in saliva?

Answer 14

Lubrication

Question 15

What is the function of organics urea and uric acid in saliva?

Answer 15

For waste product removal by the kidneys

Question 16

What are acinar cells for in a salivary gland?

Answer 16

They’re secretory

Question 17

What are myoepithelial cells for in a salivary gland?

Answer 17

They surround the acinar cells and contract to move the secretions along the duct

Question 18

What are ductal cells for in a salivary gland?

Answer 18

They modify primary saliva

Question 19

Describe the 2 stages in forming hypotonic saliva

Answer 19

1. Acinar cells secrete isotonic saliva

2. As the saliva moves along the duct, ductal cells secrete HCO3- and K+ ions with