Systems Lecture ( Cells and tissues) Flashcards
Functional compartments of cells
Extracellular Fluid (plasma interstitial fluid)
Intracellular fluid
Cell Membrane Function
Physical barrier
Gateway for exchange
Communication
Cell structure
Stucture
Phospholipid bilayer with membrane proteins
Integral proteins: permanently attached to membrane
Peripheral: temporarily attach
Lipid: lipid attches to membrane anchoring proteins
Intracellular components
Cytoplasm: cytosol, inclusions, organells
Nucelus
Organelles
mitochondria, ER, golgi complex, lysosomes, perioxisones
Cell junction types
Gap junctions: in the heart
Desmasomes: zipper like anchoring cell to cell
Tight junctions: in brain, spinal cord, testes, placenta. (allow single AA, faty acids, single sugars, and gases through)
Glycolosis end products
2 pyruvate
2 NADH
2 H+
2 H2O
Crebs cycle end products
3 NADH
1 FADH 2
1 ATP
ETC
Net 32 ATP
Tissue Types
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Intercellular junctions (all three types)
Apical and Basal surface
Squamous, cuboidal, and columnar cells
Skin
Glands endocrine( no ducts) /exocrine (has ducts)
Secretion Types
Serous glands: produces watery fluid (sweat, milk, tears, digestive juices)
Mucus glands: screte mucin
Mixed glands: both pairs of salivary glands (sublingual and submandibular)
Merocrine Sweat Glands
Also called eccrine
H20 based secretion ( do not smell)
Appocrine Sweat Glands
involve cell death (death at top of cell) smells
Sebacesous glands (holocrine)
Die at the base of the cell
secretes oil (can cause acne/black heads)
Connectibe Tissue
Binds body structures together
Basic components ( cells, protein fibers, ground substance)
Connective tissue proper contains fibroblasts
Fat contains adipocytes
cartilage contains chondrocytes
bone contains osteocytes
Muscle Tissue
Skeletal Muscle- Voluntary
Cardiac Muscle- involuntary
Smooth- involuntary
Nervous Tissue
Brain
Spinal cord
spinal nerves
cranial nerves
ganglia
Nucleus
