SYSTEMIC PATHO 2

Question 1

among the most common developmental abnormalities of the oral cavity

Answer 1

Palatoschisis or cleft palate and cheiloschisis or cleft
lip

Question 2

sometimes referred to as “hare lip,” a failure of fusion of the upper lip along the midline or philtrum.

Answer 2

Cheiloschisis

Question 3

It results from a failure of
fusion of the lateral palatine processes.

Answer 3

Palatoschisis

Question 4

refer to inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and gingiva

Answer 4

Stomatitis and gingivitis

Question 5

Vesicular Stomatitides

Answer 5

Foot-and-mouth disease
Vesicular stomatitis
Vesicular exanthema of swine
Swine vesicular disease

Question 6

result from abnormal jaw conformation or rarely from abnormal tooth eruption patterns

Answer 6

Malocclusions

Question 7

a clinical term referring to esophageal obstruction subsequent to stenoses or blockage.

Answer 7

Choke

Question 8

Patterns of hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis

Answer 8

○ Random hepatocellular degeneration and/or necrosis
○ Zonal hepatocellular degeneration and/or necrosis
○ Massive hepatocellular degeneration and/or necrosis

Question 9

characterized by a circumferential zone of hepatocellular necrosis surrounding the terminal hepatic venule

Answer 9

Centrilobular
necrosis

Question 10

refers to a pattern characterized by connection of areas of necrosis
between different lobules

Answer 10

Bridging necrosis

Question 11

the least common
pattern of hepatic injury.

Answer 11

Midzonal necrosis

Question 12

an uncommon pattern of hepatocellular injury

Answer 12

Periportal necrosis

Question 13

Three patterns of bridging necrosis

Answer 13

• central to central
• portal to portal
• central to portal

Question 14

Patterns of hepatic inflammation

Answer 14

• Acute hepatitis
• Chronic hepatitis
• Cholangitis
• Cholangiohepatitis

Question 15

General responses of liver to injury
Three ways

Answer 15

• Regeneration of parenchyma
• Replacement by fibrosis
• Biliary hyperplasia

Question 16

Increased amount of
connective tissue within the
liver

Answer 16

Fibrosis

Question 17

Patterns of fibrosis

Answer 17

• Focal/multifocal fibrosis
• Diffuse hepatic fibrosis
• Biliary fibrosis

Question 18

Proliferation of new bile ducts within the portal
areas

Answer 18

Biliary hyperplasia

Question 19

Final irreversible result of
different hepatic diseases

Answer 19

End-stage liver (Cirrhosis)

characterized by * Nodular regeneration
* Fibrosis
* Bile duct hyperplas

Question 20

FASCIOLOSIS

Etiology, Occurrence, Definitive Hosts, Intermediate Host:

Answer 20

• Fasciola hepatica or Fasciola gigantica
• Bile duct
• Ruminants & other animals, & man
• Lymnied snails (Lymnea auricularia, L. truncatula, L. philippinensis)

Question 21

EURYTREMA PANCREATICUM INFECTION

Etiology, Occurrence, Definitive Hosts, Intermediate Host

Answer 21

• Eurytrema pancreaticum
• Pancreatic duct & rarely in bile duct
• Sheep, Goat, Cattle, Buffaloes
• 1st (snails) & 2nd (grasshopper)

Question 22

DICROCOELIUM DENDRITICUM INFECTION

Synonym, Etiology, Occurrence, Definitive Hosts, Intermediate Host

Answer 22

• Lancet worm infection
• Dicrocoelium dendriticum
• Bile duct
• Sheep, goat, ox, deer, pig, dog, etc.
• Ants

Question 23

HISTOMONAS MELEAGRIDIS INFECTION

Synonym, Etiology, Occurrence, Definitive Hosts, Intermediate Host

Answer 23

• Histominiasis Infectious Enterohepatitis Blackhead
• Histomonas meleagridis
• Ceca & liver
• Turkeys especially poults, chickens,
  guinea fowl, Pheasant, quail, partridge, jungle fowl, etc.
• Heterakis gallinarum, cecal worm