Ethics Flashcards
AN ACT TO REGULATE THE PRACTICE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE IN THE PHILIPPINES,
REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACT
NO. 382 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9268
the application of ethical theories,principles, and rules by professionals and paraprofessionals in resolving ethical dilemmas in the practice of veterinary care
Veterinary ethics
Four Branches of Ethics
Normative
Descriptive
Administrative
Official
the individual’s attempt to discover what he or
she believes to be the correct moral standard and norms for professional behavior and attitude
Normative
deals with factual descriptions of moral
behavior and belief systems. It includes describing ethical reasoning and perspectives of stakeholders on ethical issues.
Descriptive
rules set by governmental bodies that regulate veterinary medicine.
Administrative
values formally adopted by organizations composed of members of that profession and which are imposed upon their members.
Official
__________________ and professionalism confer on veterinarians the right to treat animals and the expectation from the public that veterinarians will act in the interest of the animal, client, and the public.
“Aesculapian authority”
Attributes of the Profession
sapiential authority
moral authority
charismatic authority
based on the perceived wisdom and superior knowledge in veterinary medical knowledge possessed by veterinarians compared to
their clients.
sapiential authority
derives from the principle that veterinarians are expected to act on behalf of the needs
and best interests of their patients and clients and are expected to provide both advice and guidance.
moral authority
based on the belief that healers had divine or magical powers to heal.
charismatic authority
✔ outlines the professional conduct expected of its members.
✔ ensure that veterinarians provide the best possible services to the community and promote cooperation and harmony within the profession.
The Philippine Veterinary Medical Association
(PVMA) CODE OF ETHICS
The code of ethics consists of four guiding principles for veterinary practitioners:
- To pursue their profession with dignity and integrity.
- To serve the community to the utmost of their ability.
- To ensure the welfare of animals committed to their care.
- To seek no personal advantage at the expense of their professional colleagues.
ARTICLE I: PROFESSIONAL DEPORTMENT
Section 1: Compliance to Laws
Section 2: Professional Deportment
Section 3: Title
Section 4: Mutual Respect
Section 5: Reputation
Section 6: Undercharging
ARTICLE II: DUTY TO THE COMMUNITY
Section 7: Primary Duty
Section 8: Loyalty
Section 9: Emergency Service
Section 10: Authorized Visit of a Consultant as
requested by the Attending Veterinarian
Section 11: Revisit of Patient
Section 12: Veterinary Auxiliaries
Section 13: Billing Clients by the Consultant
Section 14: Delegation of Service
Section 15: Supervision of Work
Section 16: Professional Fees
Section 17: Discoveries of Works
Section 18: Volunteer Programs
Section 19: Animal Welfare
Section 20: Professional Commitment to Service
ARTICLE III: DUTY TO THE PROFESSION
Section 21: Keeping Professionally Competent
Section 22: Display of Certificate
Section 23: Duty to Report
Section 24: Professional Consultation and Referral
Section 25: Criticism and Expert Testimony
Section 26: Illegal Practice
Section 27: Cover up for illegal Acts
Section 28: Use of Association’s Endorsement
Section 29: Membership and Financial Report
ARTICLE IV: ADVERTISING
Section 30: Advertising in General
Section 31: Authorized Advertising
Section 32: Soliciting Patient
Section 33: Use of Association’s Endorsement
Section 34: Loyalty
Section 35: Membership and Financial Support
ARTICLE IV: ADVERTISING
Section 30: Advertising in General
Section 31: Authorized Advertising
Section 32: Soliciting Patient
Section 33: Use of Association’s Endorsement
Section 34: Loyalty
Section 35: Membership and Financial Support
ARTICLE V: COUNCIL OF ETHICS
Section 36: Duties
Section 37: Enforcement
Section 38: Sanctions
Section 39: Chapters, Affiliates and Collegial
Body Council on Ethics
Section 40: Confidentiality
ARTICLE VI: EFFECTIVITY
Section 41:
This code shall be published in the PVMA Journal, Newsletter, or Souvenir Program as ratified by the members of the PVMA during the Business Meeting of the 86th Annual Convention in Iloilo last February 21, 2019. This code take effect 15 days hereafter.
is the set of norms, principles, ideas, methods and practices aimed at achieving a level of quality or attainment in the veterinary medical profession.
The Code of Technical Standards for Veterinary Medicine
AN ACT TO REGULATE THE PRACTICE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE IN THE PHILIPPINES REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 382 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
Republic Act No. 9268
states that, “person who is authorized to practice veterinary medicine under this Act shall append or cause to be appended to his name the letters D.V.M. (Doctor of Veterinary Medicine), V. M. D. (Veterinary Medical Doctor), D.V.S. (Doctor of
Veterinary Science), the words “Veterinarian, “Veterinary Surgeon, “Veterinary Dentist,” or “Veterinary” any other initial or title implying qualification to practice, offer or render, for a fee
Republic Act No. 9268
“AN ACT MODERNIZING THE PROFESSIONAL
REGULATION COMMISSION, REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NUMBERED TWO HUNDRED AND TWENTY-THREE, ENTITLED “CREATING THE PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION AND PRESCRIBING ITS POWERS
AND FUNCTIONS,” AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES” or the “PRC Modernization Act of 2000”
Republic Act No. 8981
refers to mammals, reptile, bird, bee, and all life stages (including eggs and gametes) of fish, molluscs, crustaceans and amphibians originating from aquaculture establishments or removed from the wild, for farming purposes, for release into the environment, for human consumption or for ornamental purposes. The term excludes humans.
Animal
refer to persons who have acquired appropriate and sufficient technical training on animal care and welfare and are designated to carry out certain tasks under the responsibility and direction of a veterinarian to ensure animal health and public health.
Animal Care Technicians
refers to establishments generally used for the purpose of caring, breeding, rearing, holding, gaming, trading, treating and exhibition such as, but not limited to, farms, zoos, aviaries, apiaries, kennels, racetracks, cockpits, pet shops, pounds, animal rescue centers, airport and seaport quarantine stations, animal holding facilities, stables, livestock markets, slaughterhouses, animal
grooming centers/spas, veterinary clinics, and veterinary hospitals.
Animal Facility
refers to the state of complete physical and behavioral well-being of animals and not merely the absence of disease or sickness.
Animal Health
refer to any meat, fat, milk whey, cream, butter, cheeses, egg or other food or foodstuffs derived from an animal.
Animal Products
refer to any part of the viscera of an animal, hide, skin, hair, wool, feathers, shell, horn or hoof; or any article of substance derived from dung, urine, feces, bone, or blood of an animal; or any secretion of an animal or any product or biological preparation made or derived from any animal tissue or animal secretion; or any article or substance derived from an animal such as semen,
whether or not in combination with any article or substance; or any article or substance or thing that is declared by order to be an animal product for the purposes of this Code.
Animal By-products
refers to the measures taken by the Philippines to monitor and regulate its borders in order to prevent the entry of animal and animal products
and by-products into or out of the country for animal health and public health purposes. Border controls are also instituted within zones, provinces, islands and regions of the country.
Border Control
refers to a veterinarian who has the responsibility and competence of ensuring and supervising the implementation of animal health and welfare measures, international veterinary certification and other standards and guidelines in the Terrestrial Animal Health Code of the World Organization for Animal Health or Organization International des Epizooties (OIE) in the entire
country.
Chief Veterinary Officer
refers to the Veterinary Authority or other Governmental Authority in the Philippines having the responsibility and competence for ensuring
or supervising the implementation of animal health and welfare measures, international veterinary certification and other standards and recommendations in the OIE Terrestrial Health Code and in the OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code in the whole territory.
Competent Authority
refers to the clinical or pathological manifestation of infection or infestation.
Disease
refers to a system for the timely detection and
identification of animal and zoonotic diseases which includes the following characteristics, namely;
(a) representative coverage of target animal populations by veterinary field services;
(b) ability to undertake effective disease investigation and reporting;
(c) access to laboratories capable of diagnosing and differentiating relevant diseases; and
(d) training program for veterinarians, animal care technicians and other animal care providers for detecting and reporting unusual disease occurrence.
Early Detection System
refers to a new infection or infestation resulting from the evolution or change of an existing pathogenic agent, a known infection or infestation spreading to a new geographic area or population, or previously unrecognized pathogenic agent or disease diagnosed for the first time and which
has a significant impact on animal or public health.
Emerging Disease
refers to any domestic or domesticated animal including bovine (including carabaos and buffalo), ovine, porcine, caprine, equine, poultry and bees
raised for food or in the production of food. The products of hunting or fishing of wild animals shall not be considered part of this definition.
Livestock
refers to disease listed by the Veterinary Authority, and that, as soon as detected or suspected, must be brought to the attention of the Veterinary Authority, in accordance with national regulations.
Notifiable Disease
refers to other professions with disciplines that are related to the provision of animal care and to the practice of veterinary medicine.
Other Animal Care Providers (OACP)
refers to an autonomous authority regulating
veterinarians.
Professional Regulation Commission – Professional Regulatory Board of Veterinary Medicine (PRC-PRBVM)
refers to the act of isolating animals from other animals with no direct or indirect contact with other animals, to prevent the transmission of
specified pathogens while the animals are undergoing observation, and, if appropriate, testing and treatment, for a specified length of time and/or to determine their freedom from disease.
Quarantine
refers to the government authority, comprising of
duly licensed veterinarians, having the responsibility and competence of ensuring
or supervising the implementation of animal health and welfare measures, international veterinary certification and other standards and guidelines in the Terrestrial Animal Health Code (World Organization for Animal Health) provided
that all certifications shall be issued by a licensed veterinarian.
Veterinary Medical Authority
refers to a substance recognized by an official pharmacopoeia or formulary, a substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation,
treatment, or prevention of disease in animals, or a substance (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of the animals.
Veterinary Drug
refer to any substance, including biological
products, applied or administered to aquatic and terrestrial animals such as, but not limited to, food animals, pets and companion animals, aquatic animals, laboratory animals and wildlife and exotic animals, whether used for prophylactic or diagnostic purposes or for modification of physiological functions or behaviors.
Veterinary Drugs and Products
refers to the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in non-human animals. The scope of veterinary medicine is wide, covering all animal species, both domesticated and wild, including aquatic animals with a wide range
of conditions which can affect the different species. It also covers animal production, welfare, and conservation; promotion of public health; and the advancement of medical knowledge for the benefit of mankind and the environment.
Veterinary Medicine
refers to a person with appropriate education, registered or licensed by the Professional Regulatory Commission to practice veterinary
medicine/science in the Philippines. Veterinary medical practitioner is used interchangeably with the title veterinarian.
Veterinarian
as used in this Code shall collectively refer to veterinary biological, drugs, devices, and cosmetics as defined herein and to other substances applied to animal facilities such as, but not limited to, disinfectants, insecticides, and substances that modify or extend physiological functions, behaviors or other available products such as, but not limited to, hormones, growth promotants, prebiotics, probiotics and acidifiers.
Veterinary Products
refer to the governmental and non-governmental
organizations that implement animal health and welfare measures and other standards and recommendations in the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code and the OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code in the territory. The Veterinary Medical
Services are under the control and direction of the Chief Veterinary Officer or Competent Authority. Private sector organizations, veterinarians, animal care technicians are normally accredited or approved by the Chief Veterinary Officer or the Competent Authority to deliver the delegated functions.
Veterinary Services
refers to a clearly defined part of the country containing an animal subpopulation with a distinct health status with respect to a specific disease for
which required surveillance, control and biosecurity measures have been applied for the purpose of international trade.
Zone / Region
refers to any disease or infection which is naturally transmissible from animals to human.
Zoonosis
Priority diseases of the national government for prevention, control and eradication programs. It shall be mandatory to report to veterinary authorities all suspected communicable diseases which have the potential for a very rapid spread; are of socio-economic and/or public health importance; and are of major importance in the international trade of animals, animal products and by-products, animal feeds, veterinary drugs and products. Transboundary animal diseases belong to this category.
First Priority Disease
With the support of the national veterinary services, these are priority diseases of the local government veterinary services for prevention, control and eradication programs. It shall be mandatory to report to veterinary authorities all suspected communicable diseases which have an impact on socio-economic and/or public health; and are significant in the international trade of animals, animal products and by-products, animal feeds, and veterinary drugs and products.
Second Priority Disease
As primary concern of veterinarians, it shall be
mandatory to report to government veterinary authorities all suspected communicable diseases which have been recently detected to be present in the country, but still confined in limited animal areas, facilities or farms. The veterinary practitioners in coordination with the government share the responsibility for its prevention, control and eradication programs.
Notifiable or Reportable Disease
It shall be necessary for veterinary practitioners to
prepare a disease management plan for animal diseases which commonly affect farm animals; and their prevention and control are of primary concern of the owners and private veterinary medical practitioners.
Diseases of Farm Concern
It shall be necessary for veterinary practitioners
to prepare a disease management plan for common diseases of horses, dogs, cats, and exotic pets which are present in the country; and their prevention and control are of primary concern of the owners and veterinary practitioners.
Diseases of Companion Animals
It shall be mandatory for all key sectors to report to veterinary authorities suspect diseases of animals which were not previously present in the country based on the classification of OIE listings of diseases, A and B.
Emerging Diseases
the continuous monitoring of the occurrence of
disease within a population through the collection, collation, analysis and dissemination of disease- related data.
Disease surveillance
the scientific study of why and how frequently diseases occur in different populations, both animal and human.
Epidemiology
The process of early disease detection should entail:
(1) reporting of overt signs of disease or deviation from the normal or healthy condition,
(2) identification of signs or symptoms and clinical manifestations and taking and evaluation of history and other reports
(3) confirmatory diagnosis of a specific disease is the responsibility of the veterinarian through pathology, microbiology, microscopy and molecular techniques, and, subsequently, the
(4) preparation of the disease management plan. All these shall be the responsibility of the attending
veterinarian or the government veterinary authorities.
Disease prevention and control can be achieved through any or a combination of the following:
quarantine, vaccination, treatment, culling and
destruction.
a non-stock, non-profit group of a minimum of 25 licensed veterinarians not necessarily situated within a certain geographical unit, organized to achieve a common advocacy. The objectives of the group must be linked to that of the PVMA and it must show its willingness to work with the PVMA.
AFFILIATE
a non-stock, non-profit association of a minimum of 20 licensed veterinarians in a defined geographical unit which can be a region, a province or a city.
CHAPTER
a group of individuals, not necessarily veterinarians, or institutions, organized to achieve an advocacy pertaining to animal health, animal nutrition, animal production, and/or animal
welfare whose objectives are linked with the objectives of PVMA.
COOPERATING ORGANIZATION
refers to the Accredited Integrated Professional Organization of the veterinary medical profession.
PHILIPPINE VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (PVMA)
otherwise known as the PRC, is a three-man commission attached to the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE). Its mandate is to regulate and supervise the practice of professionals (except lawyers, who are handled by the Supreme Court of the Philippines) who constitute the highly skilled manpower of the country. As the agency-in-charge of the professional sector, it plays a strategic role in developing the corps of professionals.
PROFESSIONAL REGULATORY COMMISSION (Filipino:Komisyon sa Regulasyon ng mga Propesyon)
a non-stock, non-profit organization of a minimum of 25 licensed veterinariansof specialized fields of veterinary service and/or discipline.
SPECIALTY COLLEGE
refers to a veterinary expertise on a particular discipline and/or species to which a veterinarian devotes a higher level of professional attention to include undertakings such as, but not limited
to, cutting edge research and innovative methods of practice.
VETERINARY SPECIALTY
means a person with appropriate education, registered or licensed by the relevant veterinary statutory body of a country to practice veterinary medicine/science in that country.
VETERINARIAN
are those stipulated in Section 1 and paying their annual membership dues and regularly updating his/her PRC registration.
Regular Members
are regular members who have been religiously paying their PVMA annual membership dues for the past five (5) years and whose application was accepted and approved by the National Officers and Board of Directors. They shall pay the lifetime
membership fee as determined by the National Officers and Board of Directors.
Life Members
are individuals recognized for their contribution to PVMA and to the profession. They are those who have rendered eminent and distinguished service of great value to veterinary medicine and are willing to contribute to the cause of this Association. They shall be nominated through the National Officers and Board of Directors and elected in an annual convention. Their admission shall be made as provided in the By-laws. They shall enjoy the privileges of regular members but shall neither hold office nor vote.
Honorary members
Members shall have rights and privilegesto participate in all activities of the PVMA. Lifetime and Regular Members shall enjoy the right to vote and to be elected to any elective position in the National Office and Board of Directors or Councils. This includes other elective positions and appointments in standing committees.
Rights and Privileges of Members of Good Standing
a natural person who has been registered and issued a valid Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card by the Professional
Regulatory Board of Veterinary Medicine in accordance with this Act.
Veterinarian
refers to the professional organization of
veterinarians accredited by the Board and the Commission.
Accredited Professional Organization
This Act shall be known as the “Anti-Rabies Act of 2007”.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9482
refers to an act by which a Dog seizes, cuts or grips with its teeth so that the
skin of a person has been wounded, pierced or scratched.
Bitten
refers to barangay officials, health workers, police officers or government veterinarians.
Concerned Officials
refers to range supervision where physical presence of the veterinarian within the barangay is necessary.
Direct Supervision
refers to a common quadruped domestic animal belonging to the order carnivora (male or female), scientifically known as canis familiaris.
Dog
refers to the process of painless death to Dogs and other animals.
Euthanasia
refers to seize and hold in the custody of the law.
Impound
refers to any person keeping, harboring or having charge, care or control of a Dog including his/her representative.
Owner
refers to a public enclosure for stray animals.
Pound
refers to any place open to the public like parks, malls, markets, streets, etc.
Public Place
refers to a highly fatal disease caused by a lyssa virus, transmitted mainly through the bite of an infected animal and is characterized by muscle paralysis, hydrophobia and aerophobia, and other neurological manifestations.
Rabies
refers to the transmission or passage of the Rabies virus through a bite by an infected animal, or through contamination with virus-laden saliva
on breaks in the skin and of mucous membranes such as the eyes, the lips, the mouth, or the genital organs.
Rabies transmission
refers to the inoculation of humans, with modern day rabies vaccines or Rabies immunoglobulin, by a trained doctor or nurse under the supervision of a qualified medical practitioner.
Rabies Vaccination/Immunoprophylaxis of Humans
refers to the inoculation of a Dog with a Rabies vaccine by a licensed government or private veterinarian or trained individual under the direct
supervision of a licensed veterinarian. The services of the said trainedindividual shall be limited only to Rabies Vaccination Injection in Dogs and only during government mass vaccination campaigns.
Rabies Vaccination of Dogs
refers to an anti-Rabies treatment administered
after an exposure to Rabies, which include local wound care, Rabies vaccine, with or without anti-Rabies immunizing agent.
Post-exposure Treatment (P.E.T)
refers to Rabies vaccination administered before an exposure to Rabies to those who are at high risk of getting Rabies.
Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (P.E.P.)
refers to any Dog leaving its Owner’s place or premise and no longer under the effective control of the Owner.
Stray Dog
refer to drugs that depress the function of the
central nervous system.
Veterinary or Human Barbiturates
Republic Act No. 8485, otherwise known as the
“Animal Welfare Act of 1998”
It is the purpose of this Act to protect and promote the welfare of all terrestrial, aquatic and marine animals in the Philippines by supervising and regulating the establishment and operations of all facilities utilized for breeding, maintaining, keeping, treating or training of all animals either as objects of trade or as household pets. For this purpose of this Act, pet animal shall include birds.
THE ANIMAL WELFARE ACT OF 1998 AS AMENDED
(RA 8485 as amended by RA 10631)
