Systemic Features of Chronic Inflammation

Question 1

Principle mediators of increased vascular permeability

Answer 1

Histamine, Serotonin, Bradyinin
C3a, C5a, PAF, SRS-Ss
IL-1, PGs

Question 2

Primary mediator of increased BF

Answer 2

Prostaglandins (Prostacyclin, Bradykinin)

Question 3

Cause of increased ESR with inflammation?

Answer 3

Increased fibrinogen as an acute phase protein

Question 4

One common factor to different cases of amyloidosis?

Answer 4

Presence of very distinctive extracellular fibrils called b-pleated sheets

Question 5

Unusual cell type that pops up in leukocytosis?

Answer 5

band cells

Caused by dumping PMNs as they are developing due to CSF release

Question 6

Approach to block activation of inflammatory cells?

Answer 6

Steroids

Question 7

Approach to inhibit formation of 2ndary messengers

Answer 7

Epinephrine, beta-agonists

Question 8

Approach to inhibit formation of mediators

Answer 8

COX inhibitors

Lipoxygenase inhibitors

Question 9

Approach to block receptors on target tissues

Answer 9

Antihistamines (H1/H2)
Anti-integrins
Leukotriene antagonists

Question 10

Approach to block physiological effects of inflammation

Answer 10

Mechanical measures

Question 11

Important Aspirin details

Answer 11

Irreversible inhibition of COX
Low dose inhibits thromboxane. higher inhibs. prostacyclin
Side effect – gastric eroisions

Question 12

Name LT inhibitors..

Answer 12

Montelukast

Zafirlukast