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Opthamology > Systemic disease and the eye > Flashcards

Systemic disease and the eye Flashcards

1
Q

what is the main causes of systemic eye disease

A

vascular disease

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2
Q

what is the imaging choice for systemic disease one eye

A

MRI

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3
Q

what is 6th nerve palsy

A

lateral recuts palsy

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4
Q

would you get a squint with 6th nerve palsy

A

yes

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5
Q

what eye mv0ement cant you do if you have lateral rectus palsy

A

abduction

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6
Q

what are the main 3 causes of 6th nerve palsy

A

microvascular, tumour, raised intracranial pressure

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7
Q

what often presents with 6th nerve palsy

A

headache

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8
Q

how is the optic disc affected in 6th nerve palsy

A

bilateral papilloedema

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9
Q

what is 4th nerve palsy

A

trochlear

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10
Q

what muscle does CN4 innervate

A

superior oblique

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11
Q

what does the superior oblique muscle do to eye

A

move down and in??

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12
Q

what might a patient do with a Iv th nerve palsy

A

head tilt

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13
Q

what are causes of bilateral IVth nerve palsy

A

blunt trauma

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14
Q

what are the top 4 causes of 4th nerve palsy

A

congenital decompensated, microvascular, tumour and bilateral traum

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15
Q

what muscles are affected by 3rd nerve palsy

A

medical rectus, inferior rectus, superior rectus, inferior oblique and palpebral levator superiors and sphincter pupillae

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16
Q

what does a person with 3rd nerve palsy look like

A

eyes in down and out position, ptosis, dilated pupil

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17
Q

what are th causes of 3rd nerve palsy

A

microvascular, tumour, aneurysm, MS, congenital

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18
Q

what do you suspect with a patient with a 3rd nerve palsy

A

aneurysm

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19
Q

what are the biggest causes of inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia

A

MS, vascular

20
Q

what can cause visual field defects

A

CVA, lesion/ tumour, MS (demyelination), trauma

21
Q

what is optic neuritis

A

progressive visual loss

22
Q

what symptoms would you get with optic neuritis

A

pain behind eye, espesh on movement, colour desaturation, scotoma (blind spot)

23
Q

what can cause problems at the optic chiasm

A

pituitary tumour, craniopharungioma and meningioma

24
Q

if there is compression at optic chasm, what can result

A

bitemporal hemianopia

25
Q

what can lead to ocular problems arising from occipital cortex

A

vascular disease and demyelination

26
Q

what are signs of non proliferative retinopathy

A

micro aneurysms, dot and blot haemorrhages, hard exudate, cotton wool spots, venous bleeds

27
Q

what is rubeosis iridis

A

new abnormal blood vessels are found on surface of iris

28
Q

what are 3 ways a diabetic patient can lose their visionn

A

retinal oedema affecting fovea, vitreous haemorrhage, scarring/ retinal detachment

29
Q

what are treatment options for retinopathy

A

laser, surgery, rehab

30
Q

what does the appearance of the funds relate to

A

hypertension and retinal arterioles

31
Q

is hypertensive retinopathy common?

A

yeah

32
Q

what are features of hypertensive retinopthy

A

attenuated blood vessels, cotton wool spots, hard exudates, retinal haemorrhage and optic disc oedema

33
Q

how would a central artery occlusion present

A

sudden visual loss

34
Q

which is more common, central artery or vein occlusion

A

vein

35
Q

what are noted on a fundoscopy in central artery occlusion?

A

cherry red spots

36
Q

is branch vein occlusion painful or painless

A

painless

37
Q

what are causes of uveitis

A

TB, herpes, candidiasis, syphilis, lyme disease, toxoplasmosis, HLA B27, arthritis, sarcoidosis

38
Q

what is giant cell arteritis

A

inflammation of the middle sized arteries

39
Q

what is temporal arteritis associated with

A

polymyalgia rheumatica, headache, jaw claudication, malaise

40
Q

what are features of thyroid eye disease

A

proptosis, chemosis, optic nerve swelling, glaucoma, lid retraction

41
Q

what is the most common cause of bilateral/ unilateral proptosis

A

thyroid eye disease

42
Q

how dos uo treat thyroid eye disease

A

control thyroid dysfunction, lubricants, surgical decompression

43
Q

what has anti DNA Ab

A

SLE

44
Q

what are eye features of rheumatoid arthritis

A

dry eyes , scleritis, corneal melt

45
Q

what is the triad in Sjogrens syndrome

A

keratoconjunctivits sicca (dry eyes), xerostomia (dry mouth), rheumatoid arthritis

46
Q

what features are present in stevens johnson syndrome

A

symblepharon- sticking of conjunctiva together, occlusion of lacrimal glands, corneal ulcers

47
Q

what is stevens johnson syndrome

A

life threatening condition where dermis separates from epidermis

Opthamology (13 decks)

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