Systemic disease and the eye

Question 1

what is the main causes of systemic eye disease

Answer 1

vascular disease

Question 2

what is the imaging choice for systemic disease one eye

Answer 2

MRI

Question 3

what is 6th nerve palsy

Answer 3

lateral recuts palsy

Question 4

would you get a squint with 6th nerve palsy

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

what eye mv0ement cant you do if you have lateral rectus palsy

Answer 5

abduction

Question 6

what are the main 3 causes of 6th nerve palsy

Answer 6

microvascular, tumour, raised intracranial pressure

Question 7

what often presents with 6th nerve palsy

Answer 7

headache

Question 8

how is the optic disc affected in 6th nerve palsy

Answer 8

bilateral papilloedema

Question 9

what is 4th nerve palsy

Answer 9

trochlear

Question 10

what muscle does CN4 innervate

Answer 10

superior oblique

Question 11

what does the superior oblique muscle do to eye

Answer 11

move down and in??

Question 12

what might a patient do with a Iv th nerve palsy

Answer 12

head tilt

Question 13

what are causes of bilateral IVth nerve palsy

Answer 13

blunt trauma

Question 14

what are the top 4 causes of 4th nerve palsy

Answer 14

congenital decompensated, microvascular, tumour and bilateral traum

Question 15

what muscles are affected by 3rd nerve palsy

Answer 15

medical rectus, inferior rectus, superior rectus, inferior oblique and palpebral levator superiors and sphincter pupillae

Question 16

what does a person with 3rd nerve palsy look like

Answer 16

eyes in down and out position, ptosis, dilated pupil

Question 17

what are th causes of 3rd nerve palsy

Answer 17

microvascular, tumour, aneurysm, MS, congenital

Question 18

what do you suspect with a patient with a 3rd nerve palsy

Answer 18

aneurysm

Question 19

what are the biggest causes of inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia

Answer 19

MS, vascular

Question 20

what can cause visual field defects

Answer 20

CVA, lesion/ tumour, MS (demyelination), trauma

Question 21

what is optic neuritis

Answer 21

progressive visual loss

Question 22

what symptoms would you get with optic neuritis

Answer 22

pain behind eye, espesh on movement, colour desaturation, scotoma (blind spot)

Question 23

what can cause problems at the optic chiasm

Answer 23

pituitary tumour, craniopharungioma and meningioma

Question 24

if there is compression at optic chasm, what can result

Answer 24

bitemporal hemianopia

Question 25

what can lead to ocular problems arising from occipital cortex

Answer 25

vascular disease and demyelination

Question 26

what are signs of non proliferative retinopathy

Answer 26

micro aneurysms, dot and blot haemorrhages, hard exudate, cotton wool spots, venous bleeds

Question 27

what is rubeosis iridis

Answer 27

new abnormal blood vessels are found on surface of iris

Question 28

what are 3 ways a diabetic patient can lose their visionn

Answer 28

retinal oedema affecting fovea, vitreous haemorrhage, scarring/ retinal detachment

Question 29

what are treatment options for retinopathy

Answer 29

laser, surgery, rehab

Question 30

what does the appearance of the funds relate to

Answer 30

hypertension and retinal arterioles

Question 31

is hypertensive retinopathy common?

Answer 31

yeah

Question 32

what are features of hypertensive retinopthy

Answer 32

attenuated blood vessels, cotton wool spots, hard exudates, retinal haemorrhage and optic disc oedema

Question 33

how would a central artery occlusion present

Answer 33

sudden visual loss

Question 34

which is more common, central artery or vein occlusion

Answer 34

vein

Question 35

what are noted on a fundoscopy in central artery occlusion?

Answer 35

cherry red spots

Question 36

is branch vein occlusion painful or painless

Answer 36

painless

Question 37

what are causes of uveitis

Answer 37

TB, herpes, candidiasis, syphilis, lyme disease, toxoplasmosis, HLA B27, arthritis, sarcoidosis

Question 38

what is giant cell arteritis

Answer 38

inflammation of the middle sized arteries

Question 39

what is temporal arteritis associated with

Answer 39

polymyalgia rheumatica, headache, jaw claudication, malaise

Question 40

what are features of thyroid eye disease

Answer 40

proptosis, chemosis, optic nerve swelling, glaucoma, lid retraction

Question 41

what is the most common cause of bilateral/ unilateral proptosis

Answer 41

thyroid eye disease

Question 42

how dos uo treat thyroid eye disease

Answer 42

control thyroid dysfunction, lubricants, surgical decompression

Question 43

what has anti DNA Ab

Answer 43

SLE

Question 44

what are eye features of rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 44

dry eyes , scleritis, corneal melt

Question 45

what is the triad in Sjogrens syndrome

Answer 45

keratoconjunctivits sicca (dry eyes), xerostomia (dry mouth), rheumatoid arthritis

Question 46

what features are present in stevens johnson syndrome

Answer 46

symblepharon- sticking of conjunctiva together, occlusion of lacrimal glands, corneal ulcers

Question 47

what is stevens johnson syndrome

Answer 47

life threatening condition where dermis separates from epidermis