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Opthamology > Red Eye > Flashcards

Red Eye Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common cause of red eye

A

conjunctivitis

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2
Q

what is a subconjunctival haemorrhage

A

a bleed under the conjunctiva

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3
Q

what may cause a subconjunctival bleed?

A

a cough, sneeze,

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4
Q

do you have to act on a subconjunctival haemorrhage?

A

no- usually self resolving

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5
Q

what is orbital cellulitis

A

inflammation of the eye tissues behind the orbital septum

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6
Q

how can orbital cellulitis be caused?

A

through spread of infection via sinuses

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7
Q

what should you do if someone presents to you with orbital cellulitis

A

refer to opth quickly!

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8
Q

is orbital cellulitis an emergency?

A

yes

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9
Q

what would you treat orbital cellulitis with in hospital?

A

IV antibiotics

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10
Q

what does conjunctiva secrete?

A

mucous

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11
Q

what do the lids secrete

A

meibomian

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12
Q

what is blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelids

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13
Q

what is the cause, and what presents with anterior blepharitis

A

staph infection, seborrhoeic scales on lashes- lid margin is redder than the deeper part

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14
Q

wha tis the main cause of posterior blepharitis

A

meibomian gland dysfunction

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15
Q

what are the symptoms of blepharitis

A

gritty eyes, foreign body sensation, mild discharge,

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16
Q

what is associated with meibomian gland disase

A

acne rosacea, cysts,

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17
Q

how do you treat blepharitis

A

daily bathing of eyes, tear drops supplementary and oral doxycycline for 2-3 months

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18
Q

what are the main causes of conjunctivitis

A

viral, bacterial, allergic, skin diseases

19
Q

what are symptoms of conjunctivitis

A

red eye, itchy, discharge- sticky, foreign bosy- gritty

20
Q

is vision distorted in conjunctivitis

A

no

21
Q

what would be seen in acute bacterial conjunctivitis

A

red sticky eye, papillae,

22
Q

what are the most common organisms of bacterial conjunctivitis

A

staph aureus, strep pneumonia, H Inf

23
Q

how do you treat bacterial conjunctivits

A

antibiotics will help it disappear quicker

24
Q

what are causes of follicular conjunctivis

A

viral, chlamydial and drugs

25
Q

what would herpes simplex conjunctivitis look like?

A

watery eyes, blurry vision, red, rash, discomfort

26
Q

what is chemosis

A

conjunctival oedema

27
Q

what would an eye with an allergic reaction look like

A

red, watery

28
Q

what is keratitis

A

inflammation of the cornea

29
Q

what are causes of corneal ulcers

A

viral, fungal, bacterial, acanthamoeba, rheum arthritis, wegeners

30
Q

what are symptoms of corneal ulcers

A

pain, photophobia, lacrimation, reduced vision, red eye, HYPOPYON - white line rise up to iris

31
Q

what a re specialised causes of corneal ulcers

A

exposure keratitis, Sjogrens, H Zoster and Vit A

32
Q

how dos uo treat a corneal ulcer?

A

corneal scrape for g stain and culture. Antimicrobial if bacterial infection, antiviral if herpetic, anti inflame if autoimmune

33
Q

what are some causes of anterior uveitis (iris, ciliary body)

A

UC, Ank Spond, Sarcoidosis, leukaemia, TB, syphilis, heres x2,

34
Q

what are symptoms of anterior uveitis

A

pain, reduced vision, photophobia, red eye, hypopyon, small or irregular pupil (synechiae), flare and cells in anterior chamber

35
Q

how do you treat anterior uveitis

A

topical steroids, mydriatics and assess systemic complications

36
Q

what is episcleritis

A

inflammation of the outside of the sclera

37
Q

what is episcleritis associated with

A

gout

38
Q

is scleritis an essential diagnosis or naw?

A

yes!!

39
Q

what is scleritis associated with

A

wegeners, rh arthritis

40
Q

how do you treat episcleritis

A

self limiting, lubricants/ NSAIDS/ mild steroids

41
Q

how do you treat scleritis

A

oral NSAIDS, oral steroids

steroid sparing agents

42
Q

who is at risk of glaucoma

A

long sighted old folk

43
Q

what are some symptoms of closed angle acute glaucoma

A

severe pain and nausea, cloudy cornea, dilated pupil and eye is stonyhard

Opthamology (13 decks)

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