Synthetic Antibacterial Agents pt. 2 Flashcards
First nitroheterocyclic chemotherapeutic compounds
Nitrofurans
An aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor with bactericidal and antiprotozoal activity against G. lamblia
Furazolidone
A nitrofuran that disrupts bacterial enzyme system and active against G(+) and G(-)
Nitrofurantoin
Used against G(+) and G(-) bacteria and has 0.2% concentration in sol’n, ung and suppositories.
Nitrofurazone
Phenazopyridine HCl + Sulfisoxazole = available as ___.
Sulfamethoxazole (Azo-grantrisin) - Treat UTI
Readily absorbed after oral administration and highly concentrated in the urinary bladder.
Methenamine Hippurate
Available as Urothropin® and Uritone®
Methenamine
Use of methenamine
Urinary antiseptic
Methenamine requires an acidifying agents like _______ _______ or ______ _________
ammonium chloride or sodium bisphosphate
Treatment of isoniazid resistant TB
Ethionamide
Bactericidal against replicating organisms, but bacteriostatic against nonreplicating organisms
Isonicotinic hydrazide
Bioactivated to pyrazinoic acid.
Pyrazinamide
Binds to bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerases
Rifampicin
Rifampicin is the most active agent for clinical tx of TB.
T or F
True
Has slow, bactericidal effects and used for dapsone-resistant leprosy, and skin lesions by M. ulcerans.
Clofazamine
Lower plasma concentration than Rifampicin.
Rifabutin
Interferes with incorporation of p-aminobenzoic acid into folic acid.
p-aminosalicylic acid
Active only against dividing bacteria.
Ethambutol
Second line agents for TB.
Cycloserine
Capreomycin
Streptomycin
Streptomycin is administered ______ and inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the ___ ribosomal unit
intramuscularly, 12S ribosomal unit
Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 70S ribosomal unit.
Capreomycin
Sterically and stereochemically analogous to D-alanine
Cycloserine
This is a sulfonamide drug closely related to sulfisoxazole in chemical structure and antimicrobial activity
Sulfamethoxazole
