Synoptic revision Flashcards
Functionalism: What is Social Solidarity?
- Durkheim: education creates a feeling of being part of a wider community (e.g. trips
-🟥 ethnocentric biases
Functionalism: What is Secondary Socialisation?
- Parsons: Schools pass on the norms and values of society (meritocracy
- 🟥 Marxists: meritocracy is a myth
Functionalism: What is Sifting and Sorting?
- Davies + Moore: society puts people into jobs based on ability + effort (e.g doctors = high pay)
-🟥 Ball: jobs are based on class
Functionalism: What are Specialist Skills?
- Durkheim: Schools teach students the necessary skills for the workplace (e.g. medicine for doctors)
-🟥 Wolf review: ⅕th of 16-19 yr olds doing courses that don’t lead to HE
Functionalists: What is The Bridge?
- Parsons: Schools bridges the gap between home and society (e.g. ascribed vs achieved status
Marxism: What is social control?
- Althusser: School is an ISA used to brainwash the proletariat into false class consciousness
-🟥 Functionalists: hardwork = status
Marxism: What is Secondary Socialisation?
- Bowles + Gintis: myth of meritocracy
-🟥 Functionalism
Marxism: What are Specialist Skills?
- Bowles + Gintis: School creates passive + docile workers through correspondence principle (e.g. hierarchy + dress code
-🟥 PM: creative + flexible workers
Marxism: what is Sifting and Sorting?
- Ball: jobs/sets are chosen on father’s class
-🟥 WC can go uni
Feminism: what is social control?
- Male gaze + double standards
-🟥Funct: Girls are suited to some jobs
Feminism: what is Secondary Socialisation?
- Girls = passive + communicative
- Boys = ambitious, aim for top jobs
-🟥 Marxism = class not gender
Feminism: what is Sifting and Sorting?
- Girls do feminine subjects (drama)
- Boys do masculine subjects (maths)
-🟥 GIST and WISE
Feminism: what are Specialist Skills?
- Girls = expressive role (caring)
- Boys = instrumental role (breadwinner)
- 🟥PM: girls now have choice
Class + DA: What is parental interest?
- Douglas: WC parents less likely to attend parents evening
- 🟥 some parents may feel uncomfortable
Class + DA: What is cultural capital?
- Bourdieu: experiences + values that can be traded for educational success
-🟥 Keddie: Difference not deprivation
Class + DA: What are attitudes and values?
- Sugarman: WC have values that hold them back (individualism vs collectivism, immediate vs delayed)
-🟥 PM: no clear difference
Class + DA: What are speech codes?
- Bernstein: elaborated vs restricted, 3Ts
-🟥 Only studied 2 boys
Class + DA: What is labelling?
- Rosenthal + Jacobson: random 20% spurters, greater IQ gain
-🟥 Fuller + SNP
Class + DA: What is setting and streaming?
- Ball: Jobs/sets based on class of father
-🟥Outdated
Class + DA: What are subcultures?
- Willis: Learnig to labour
- Lacey: polarisation
-🟥 small sample
Class + DA: what is Marketisation + A-C economy?
- Gillborn + Youdell: Schools priorities 5x A-C
- Bartlett: Cream skimming
🟣Gender + DA: What is the impact of feminism?
- McRobbies Magazines: 70s-90s = emphasis on careers
🟣Gender + DA: What are changing ambitions?
- Sharpe’s interviews: 70s - 90s, girls wanted more careers
🟣Gender + DA: What are changes in families?
- Divorce, cohabitation, single mothers 📈 = more need to succeed
🟣Gender + DA: What are changes in women’s employment?
- 1971 - 2013 = 14% increase in employment
🟣Gender + DA: What are equal opportunity policies?
- GIST and WISE
🟣Gender + DA: What are positive role models?
- Female teachers in schools have increased
🟣Gender + DA: What has coursework done?
- Mitsos + Browne: girls are more attentive
🟣Gender + DA: What is teacher labelling?
- Abraham: teachers expect bad behaviour from boys
🔵Gender + DA: What are boys’poorer literacy skills?
- Mitsos + Browne: Mothers more likely to read to children than fathers
🔵Gender + DA: What are unrealistic expectations?
- Francis: boys are more likely to have unattainable aspirations (e.g. footballer)
🔵Gender + DA: What is the decline in traditional male jobs?
Mitsos + Browne: decreased manual labour jobs leads to “crisis of masculinity”
🔵Gender + DA: What is the feminisation of education?
- Sewell: Coursework benefits girls, curriculum should be more adventurous
-🟥 controlled assessments
🔵Gender + DA: What is labelling?
- Francis: boys get more attention because they’re disruptive -> SFP
-🟥 Fuller SNP
🔵Gender + DA: What are laddish subcultures
- Mac an Ghaill: Macho lads were disruptive and abusive
Ethnicity + DA: whatbare attitudes + values
- Driver ans Ballad: Asian work ethic
Ethnicity + DA: what is family structure
- Sewell: black families have single mothers, black boys look for perverse love in gangs
Ethnicity + DA: What are linguistic abilities?
Berieter + Englemann: black students use inadequate language
Ethnicity + DA: What is material deprivation
- Pakistanis 3x more likely to be in poorest ⅕th of population
-🟥 pupil premium
Ethnicity + DA: What are racialised expectations?
- Sewell: rebels + conformists
-🟥 Fuller SNP
Ethnicity + DA: What is institutional racism?
- Hatcher: racist bullying was low priority
- 🟥Equality Act 2010
Ethnicity + DA: What is Marketisation and selection?
- Indian + Chinese students cream skimmed
Ethnicity + DA: What is the assessment game?
- Gillborn: base assessments to EYFS profile
What affects class + Subject choice
- Rosenthal and Jacobson: Labelling
- Marxism: status of vocational education (second rate)
- Sugarman: Attitudes and values
Gender + Subject choice: What are Male peer groups?
- Mac an Ghaill: Macho lads
Gender + Subject choice: What is teachers + Discipline (Francis)
- Girls are expected to be quiet and conformist
Gender + Subject choice what is verbal abuse (Francis)
Boys dominate classrooms and belittle girls
Gender + Subject choice: What are hyper heterosexual feminine identities?
Archer: girls gain symbolic capital hyper heterosexual feminine identities
Gender + Subject choice: what two terms describe women being objectified
- Male gaze
- Sexual double standards
