Ethnicity + DA: External

Question 1

What is material deprivation?

Answer 1

The lack of the correct resources to succeed in education

Question 2

What are the examples of material deprivation among ethnic minorities?

Answer 2

• 🇵🇰 + 🇧🇩s are 3x more likely to be in the poorest ⅕th of the population than white people
• Unemployment = 3x higher for Afro-Caribbeans than white people

Question 3

What are the evaluations of cultural deprivation?

Answer 3

The government pays bursaries and provides pupil premium (extra funding to school for disadvantaged students)

Question 4

What is family structure?

Answer 4

The family environment having an impact on educational achievement

Question 5

What sociologist studied family structure in ethnic minorities?

Answer 5

Sewell: black families have more single mothers which causes black boys to lack “tough love”. Instead they receive “perverse love” in “black gangs”
- links to Moynihan (New Right)

Question 6

What are the evaluations of family structure?

Answer 6

• Pilkington: the arguments are based on ethnocentric biases
• Gillborn: it’s institutional racsim that fails the boys

Question 7

What are attitudes and values?

Answer 7

The beliefs and ideas shared about education having an impact on educational achievement

Question 8

Which sociologists studied attitudes and values?

Answer 8

• Driver + Ballad: Asian work ethic is emphasised at home, they respect teachers like their parents
• Lupton: black students are socialised into fatalism

Question 9

What are the evaluations of attitudes and values?

Answer 9

• Sugarman: fatalism is linked to class not race

Question 10

What are intellectual and linguistic abilities?

Answer 10

Students being held back if English isn’t their first language at home

Question 11

Which sociologists studied intellectual and linguistic abilities?

Answer 11

• Berieter + Englemann: Language used by black students is inadequate for school
• Policy Studies Institute: ⅕th of 🇵🇰 women not fluent in English

Question 12

What are the evaluations of intellectual and linguistic abilities?

Answer 12

• Bernstein: class effects language not ethnicity (speech codes)
• 2010: English as 1st lang students only 3.2 grade points ahead

Question 13

What is racism in wider society?

Answer 13

Discrimination increasing the likeliness of poverty

Question 14

Which sociologist studied racism in wider society?

Answer 14

• Mason: “Discrimination is a continuing and persistent feature” of an ethnic minority’s “experience”

Question 15

What is the evaluation of racism in wider society?

Answer 15

• 2010 Equality Act: race is a protected characteristic