Synaptic Transmission & Neural Integration Flashcards
What is a synapse?
functional association of a neuron with something else
What are the two types of synapses?
electrical & chemical
What do electrical synapses not have that chemical synapses do?
neurotransmitters
What links two neurons together?
gap junction
Synaptic Communication
- action potential
- voltage gated Ca2+ channels open, Ca2+ entry
- exocytosis
- neurotransmitter diffuses across cleft & binds to receptor
- response in cell
- neurotransmitter is removed
Are ligand-gated receptors considered fast or slow?
fast
Are GPCR receptors considered fast or slow?
slow
What is the most common CNS neurotransmitter for EPSP?
glutamate
What is the most common CNS neurotransmitter for IPSP?
GABA
What is EPSP responsible for?
depolarization
What is IPSP responsible for?
hyperpolarization
Which postsynaptic potential (PSP) is more likely to produce an action potential?
EPSP
What are the two graded potentials?
EPSP & IPSP
What are the two types of summation?
temporal & spatial
Temporal summation
sum of one synapse through time; EPSP is generated rapidly
Spatial summation
sum of several synapses at the same time; EPSP is generated simultaneously in different synapses
What is the most abundant neurotransmitter in PNS?
acetylcholine
Where is acetylcholine synthesized?
in axon terminal
What is a disease associated with acetylcholine?
myasthenia gravis
What are the two alpha adrenergic receptors?
alpha 1 & 2
What are the 3 beta adrenergic receptors?
beta 1, 2, & 3
Which beta adrenergic receptor has the greatest affinity for epinephrine?
beta 2
What are the functions of serotonin?
regulating sleep & emotions
What disease is associated with serotonin?
mental disorders
What is the main location of serotonin?
brainstem
What is the main location of histamine?
hypothalamus
What amino acids are at excitatory synapses?
aspartate & glutamate
What amino acids are at inhibitory synapses?
glycine & GABA
