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Physiology > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What is a soma?

A

contains nucleus & most organelles

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2
Q

What are dendrites?

A

reception of incoming info

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3
Q

What does the axon do?

A

transmits action potentials

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4
Q

What is the axon hillock?

A

where the axon originates & action potentials initiate

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5
Q

What does the axon terminal do?

A

release neurotransmitter

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6
Q

Bipolar neuron

A

2 neurites

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7
Q

Pseudounipolar neuron

A

one connection

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8
Q

Multipolar

A

99% of neurons

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9
Q

Afferent neuron

A

info from outside to CNS

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10
Q

Efferent neuron

A

CNS to effector

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11
Q

What do glial cells do?

A

provide neuron support

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12
Q

4 types of glial cells

A

astrocytes
microglia
oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells

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13
Q

Anterograde transport

A

kinesin proteins, from soma to axon terminal

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14
Q

Retrograde transport

A

dynein proteins, from axon to some

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15
Q

Are leak channels always open or closed?

A

always open

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16
Q

What has the greatest effect on resting membrane potential?

A

Na/K pump

17
Q

What does resting membrane potential depend on?

A

intracellular & extracellular Na+ & K+ concentrations
permeability

18
Q

What is the equilibrium potential for Na+?

A

+60 mV

19
Q

What is the equilibrium potential for K+?

A

-94 mV

20
Q

What is the resting membrane potential?

A

-70 mV

21
Q

What distance do graded potentials communicate over?

A

short distances; communication within the neuron

22
Q

What distance do action potentials communicate over?

A

long distances; communication throughout the body

23
Q

How is the amplitude of a graded potential dependent on?

A

the strength of the stimulus

24
Q

What do graded potentials determine?

A

whether or not an action potential will occur

25
Q

What is the excitatory phase of a graded potential?

A

depolarization

26
Q

What is the inhibitory phase of a graded potential?

A

hyperpolarization

27
Q

What happens with the addition of 2 graded potentials?

A

a higher depolarization & an action potential are produced

28
Q

What do action potentials travel along?

A

axons

29
Q

When does the Na+ channel activation gate open?

A

threshold & depolarization

30
Q

When does the Na+ channel inactivation gate open?

A

depolarization

31
Q

When does the Na+ channel inactivation gate close?

A

repolarization

Physiology (11 decks)

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