Sympathomimetics Flashcards
0
Q
Dopamine (intropin):
- Indication
A
- Cardiogenic shock
- Hemodynamically significant hypotension ( systolic of 70-100) not resulting from hypovolemia.
- Symptomatic bradycardia.
1
Q
Dopamine (inotropin):
- Functional Class
A
- Naturally occurring neurotransmitter and catecholamine
- Acts on alpha/beta (dose dependent) and dopaminergic receptors.
- Therapeutic levels maintains blood flow to renal and mesenteric vascular beds.
- Positive inotropic: increases CO and systolic BP.
2
Q
Dopamine (intropin):
- Contraindications
A
- Phenochromocytoma.
- Tachy dysrhythmias.
- Ventricular fibrillation.
3
Q
Dopamine (intropin):
- Dosages/Route
A
- 2-20 mcg/kg/min IV infusion, titrate to BP
> Dopaminergic: 2-5 mcg/kg/min
> Beta: 5-10 mcg/kg/min
> Alpha: 10-20 mcg/kg/min
4
Q
Dopamine (intropin):
- Preparation
A
- 800mg/500mL = 1600 mcg/mL
- 400mg/250mL = 1600 mcg/mL
5
Q
Epinephrine (Adrenalin):
- Functional Class
- How Supplied
A
- Sympathomimetic
- 1:1000 (1mg/1mL)
1: 10,000 (1mg/10mL)
6
Q
Epinephrine (Adrenalin):
- Mechanism of Action
A
- Natural catecholamine.
- Acts on Alpha and Beta (more profound) receptors.
- Causes positive inotropic, dromotropic, and chronotropic effects.
- Increases systemic vascular resistance and BP.
7
Q
Epinephrine (Adrenalin):
- Indication
A
- Cardiac Arrest: Asystole, VF, Pulseless VT, PEA.
- Symptomatic Bradycardia.
- Anaphylaxis.
- Severe reactive airway disease
8
Q
Epinephrine (Adrenalin):
- Contraindications
A
- Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetic amines.
9
Q
Epinephrine (Adrenalin):
- Dosage/Route: CA
A
- Adult: 1.0 mg of 1:10,000 IVP q 3-5 min or 2-2.5 mg of 1:1000 diluted in 10 mL ET q 3-5 min.
- Pedi: 0.01 mg/kg of 1:10,000 IV/IO or 0.1 mg/kg of 1:1000 diluted in 3-5 mL via ET q 3-5 min,
10
Q
Epinephrine (Adrenalin):
- Dosage/Route: Severe Anaphylaxis
A
- Adult: 0.3-0.5 mg Sq of 1:1000 q 5-15 min, if ineffective 0.1-0.5 mg of 1:10,000 IVP q 5-15 min.
- Pedi: 0.01 mg/kg of 1:1000 Sq q 5-15 min, if ineffective 0.01 mg/kg of 1:10,000 IVP q 5-15 min.
11
Q
Epinephrine (Adrenalin):
- Dosage/Route: Symptomatic Bradycardia Infusion
A
- Preperation: 1 mg of 1:1000 in 250 mL NS.
- Adult: 2-10 mcg/min
- Pedi: 0.1-1 mcg/kg/min
12
Q
Dobutamine (Dobutrex):
- Functional Class
A
- Sympathomimetic
13
Q
Dobutamine (Dobutrex):
- Mechanism of Action
A
- Synthetic catecholamine and acts primarily on B-1 and Alpha receptors.
- Balanced by B-2, increases CO via increases inotropic effects and decrease pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) w/ little to no effect on BP or HR.
- Also increases conduction through the AV node.
14
Q
Dobutamine (Dobutrex):
- Indications
A
- Short term management of CHF.
- Short term management of cardiogenic shock.
- Used to increase CO without increasing rate.
15
Q
Dobutamine (Dobutrex):
- Contraindications
A
- Hypersensitivity
- VT
16
Q
Dobutamine (Dobutrex):
- Preparation
A
- 250mg/250mL or 500mg/500mL (NS or D5W) = 1000mcg/mL.
17
Q
Dobutamine (Dobutrex):
- Dosage/Route
A
- 2-20 mcg/kg/min IV infusion.
18
Q
Albuterol:
Functional Class-
A
Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator
19
Q
Albuterol:
Mechanism of Action-
A
- Selective beta 2 agonist.
- Bronchodilator, acts by stimulating adenylcyclase, transforming ATP into cAMP.
- cAMP causes broncho smooth muscle relaxation.
- Therapeutic doses inhibit histamine from mass cells, decreasing mucus sectretion.
20
Q
Alburerol:
Indications-
A
- Bronchospasm
- Reversible obstructive airway disease
21
Q
Albuterol:
Contraindications-
A
- Hypersensitivity
22
Q
Abluterol:
Precautions-
A
- Monitor peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR)
- Monitor vitals and respiratory status
23
Q
Albuterol:
Side Effects-
A
- Tremors - Anxiety - HTN
- Tachycardia - H/A - Palpitations
- Seizures - N/V - Dizziness
- Rash
24
Albuterol:
Interactions-
- Other sympathomimetic bronchodilator
- Beta blockers
- MAOI (caution)
- TCA's (caution)
