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Pharmacology > Other > Flashcards

Other Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin

  • Functional Class
A
  • Salicylate
  • Analgesic
  • Antiplatelet
  • Antipyretic
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2
Q

Aspirin

  • Mechanism of Action
A
  • Blocks production of cyclooxygenase (COX), the precursor to Thromboxane A2 (Induces platelet aggregation).
  • Anti-inflammatory properties from blocking prostaglandin synthesis, which contributes to analgesic effects.
  • Also reduces fever by central-mediated peripheral vasodilation and sweat.
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3
Q

Aspirin

  • Indications
A
  • Suspected MI
  • C/P
  • ACS
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4
Q

Aspirin

  • Contraindications
A
  • Hypersensitivity
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5
Q

Aspirin

  • Precautions
A
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease

- Asthma

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6
Q

Aspirin

  • Side Effects
A 
- OD may result in toxicity w/ 
> Dizz, N/V
> Thrombocytopenia
> Easy Bruising
> Metabolic Acidosis
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7
Q

Aspirin

  • Interactions
A
  • Incompatible with uricosuric agents

- Anticoagulations increase risk of bleeding

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8
Q

Aspirin

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • 160-325mg PO Tablets
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9
Q

Dextrose

  • Functional Class
A
  • Carbohydrate
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10
Q

Dextrose

  • Mechanism of Action
A
  • Principle form of glucose used by the body to create energy
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11
Q

Dextrose

  • Indications
A
  • Hypoglycemia
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12
Q

Dextrose

  • Contraindications
A
  • None with documented hypoglycemia
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13
Q

Dextrose

  • Precautions
A
  • Caution with ICP as added glucose may worsen cerebral edema.
  • Monitor glucose before and after administration
  • Local venous irritation
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14
Q

Dextrose

  • Side Effects
A
  • Tissue Necrosis
  • Phlebitis
  • Pain at injection site
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15
Q

Dextrose

  • Interactions
A
  • None
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16
Q

Dextrose

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • Adult: 25g of 50% solution IVP prn

- Pedi: 0.5g/kg IVP/IO of 25% solution, <10kg use 10% solution

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17
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

  • Functional Class
A
  • Antihistamine
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18
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

  • Mechanism of Action
A
  • Blocks H1 (Bronchoconstriction, periph vasodilation) and Acetylcholine (Anticholinergic) receptors sites
  • Reverse dsytonic reactions caused by anti-psychotic meds that block histamine receptors
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19
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

  • Indications
A
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Moderate-severe allergic reactions
  • Acute extrapyramidal (dsytonic) reactions
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20
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

  • Contraindications
A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Newborns
  • Nursing Mothers
21
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

  • Precautions
A
  • Not the primary drug for severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis
  • Cautions w/ narrow angle glaucoma
22
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

  • Side Effects
A
  • Hypotension
  • N/V, dry mouth
  • Tachycardia
  • Bradycardia
  • Sedation
  • Palpitations
  • Disturbed coordination
23
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

  • Interactions
A
  • Potentiated by other CNS depressants, antihistamines, narcs, and alcohol
  • MAOI’s may prolong or intensify anticholinergic effects
24
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • Adult: 25-50mg IVP/MI q 6-8 hrs

- Pedi: 1mg/kg IV/IO, Max single dose of 50mg, q 6-8 hrs

25
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

  • Functional Class
A
  • Loop Diuretic
26
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

  • Mechanism of Action
A
  • Rapid-acting loop diuretic
  • Inhibits Na+ and Chl- reabsorbtion in the loop of henle
  • Has vasodilatory properties
27
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

  • Indications
A
  • CHF

- Acute Pulmonary Edema

28
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

  • Contraindications
A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Hypotension
  • Dehydration
  • Electrolyte Depletion
29
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

  • Precaution
A
  • Use in preg pts should be limited to life-threatening emergencies, can cause fetal abnormalities
  • Protect form light
  • Renal/hepatic insufficiencies
30
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

  • Side Effects
A
  • Hypotension
  • C/P
  • Hypochloremia/kalemia/natremia/calcemia/magnesemia
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Ototoxicity
  • Dizz, N/V, Dry mouth
  • Tinnitus with fast push
31
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

  • Interactions
A
  • Digitalis and lithium toxicity
32
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • 0.5-1mg/kg slow IVP (1-2 min)

- General Dosing: 40-120 mg Slow IVP

33
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

  • Functional Class
A
  • Antipsychotic
34
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

  • Mechanism of Action
A
  • Sedation by decreasing nerve impluse transmission by blocking dopamine and serotonin receptors of the CNS
35
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

  • Indications
A
  • Behavioral emergencies w/ violent tendencies, including suicide
36
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

  • Contraindications
A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Children
  • Alcohol Intoxication
  • Coma
37
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

  • Precautions
A
  • Hx of seizures and parkinsons disease
38
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

  • Side Effects
A
  • Dsytonic reactions
  • Sedation
  • Dizz, N/V, Dry mouth
  • Hypotension
  • Constipation
  • Decreases seizure threshold
39
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

  • Interactions
A
  • Increased sedation with narc agonists, benzos, TCA’s, alcohol and antihistamines
40
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • Adult: 5mg IM, may repeat once in 5 min.
41
Q

Methylprednisone (Solu-Medrol)

  • Functional Class
A
  • Corticosteroid
42
Q

Methylprednisone (Solu-Medrol)

  • Mechanism of Action
A
  • Intermediate-acting, synthetic adrenal corticosteroid
  • Decreases inflammation by reversing cap permeability
  • This suppresses migration of leukocytes and fibroblast to the site of the injury
  • Stabilizes Lysosomes
43
Q

Methylprednisone (Solu-Medrol)

  • Indications
A
  • Severe Asthma
  • Anaphylaxis
  • COPD
44
Q

Methylprednisone (Solu-Medrol)

  • Contraindications
A
  • None in the management of anaphylaxis
45
Q

Methylprednisone (Solu-Medrol)

  • Precautions
A
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease
  • CHF
  • TB
46
Q

Methylprednisone (Solu-Medrol)

  • Side Effects
A
  • Hypotension
  • CHF
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hypokalemia
  • Circulatory Collapse
  • CNS Depression
  • H/A, N/V, delayed wound healing
47
Q

Methylprednisone (Solu-Medrol)

  • Interactions
A
  • Caution w/ salicylates, phenytoin, rifampin, theophylline, furosemide, and thiazide diuretics
48
Q

Methylprednisone (Solu-Medrol)

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • Adult: 125-250mg IVP/IM

- Pedi: 1mg/kg IVP

Pharmacology (11 decks)

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