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Pharmacology > Benzodiazepine > Flashcards

Benzodiazepine Flashcards

1
Q

Diazepam (Valium):

  • Functional Class
A
  • Benzodiazepine
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2
Q

Diazepam (Valium):

  • Mechanism of action
A
  • Intensifies GABA activity, supressing the spread of seizure activity through the motor cortex.
  • Effective for management of stress, anxiety, and alcohol withdrawal due to its sedative properties.
  • Effective for premedication for minor orthopedic procedures due to skeletal muscle relaxant properties, and as premed for cardioversion because it produces amnesia.
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3
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

  • Indications
A
  • Seizures (Status Epilepticus)
  • Sedation prior to painful procedure
  • Acute anxiety
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4
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

  • Contraindications
A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Shock
  • Coma
  • Acute Alcohol Intoxication
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5
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

  • Precaustions
A
  • Local irritation, should use large vein when possible.
  • Seizure activity may occur due to lipid solubility
  • Myasthenia Gravis
  • Impaired renal/hepatic function
  • Obstetrical pts
  • Elderly
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6
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

  • Side Effects
A
  • Hypotension
  • Tachycardia
  • Ataxia
  • Respiratory Depression
  • Edema
  • Amnesia
  • Slurred Speech
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7
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

  • Interactions
A
  • Enhanced with other CNS depressants and alcohol

- Cimetidine may increase diazepams plasma lev

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8
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • Adult: 5mg IVP, repeat at 2.5 mg q 5 minutes, max of 10 mg
  • Pedi: 0.1-0.25 mg/kg IV/IO, max single dose of 5mg. or 0.5 mg/kg PR, max single dose of 10 mg, May repeat once after 5 min.
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9
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

  • Pharmacokinetics
A
  • Onset: 1-5 minutes IV

- Half Life: 20-50 hrs

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10
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Functional Class
A
  • Benzo
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11
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Mechanism of Action
A
  • Short-acting Benzo
  • Intesifies activity of GABA
  • Has CNS depressant, anticonvulsant, and anterograde amnestic properties as well as skeletal muscle relaxant and sleep inducing properties
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12
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Indications
A
  • Seizures (Status Epileticus)

- Sedation prior to painful procedure

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13
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Contraindications
A
  • Hypersensitivity to Benzos
  • Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
  • Coma
  • Shock
  • Acute alcohol intoxication
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14
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Precautions
A
  • COPD
  • CHF
  • Renal Failure
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15
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Side Effects
A
  • N/V
  • Blurred Vision
  • Retrograde Amnesia
  • Excessive Amnesia
  • Apnea
  • Hypotension
  • PVC’s
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16
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Interactions
A
  • Prolonged resp depression w/ other CNS depressants

- Cimetidine may increase plasma levels of midazolam

17
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • Adult: 1-2.5 mg slow IVP or IM, q 5 min until seizure is abolished
  • Pedi: 0.1 mg/kg slow IVP or IM max single of 6 mg. May repeat once in 5 min
18
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

  • Pharmacokinetics
A
  • Onset: 3-5 minutes IV
  • Duration: <2 hrs IV
  • Half Life: 1-4 hrs
19
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

  • Functional Class
A
  • Benzo
20
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

  • Mechanism of Action
A
  • Most potent of the Benzo’s
  • Act as a Anxiolytic, Sedative, Hypnotic, and Skeletal Muscle Relaxant.
  • Short-half life make it popular for pedi seizures
21
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

  • Indications
A
  • Seizures (Status Epilepticus)
  • Sedation prior to painful procedures
  • Anxiety
22
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

  • Contraindications
A
  • Hypersensitivity to Benzo’s
  • Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
  • Coma
  • Shock
  • Acute Alcohol Intoxication
23
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

  • Precautions
A
  • Renal/Hepatic impairment
  • Myathesia Gravis
  • COPD
24
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

  • Side Effects
A
  • Anterograde Amnesia
  • Sedation
  • HTN
  • Hypotension
  • Blurred Vision
  • N/V
  • Confusion
25
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

  • Interactions
A
  • Effects increases w/ other CNS depressants and cimetidine
26
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

  • Dosage/Route
A
  • Adult: 1-2 mg slow IVP or IM, q 5 min, max of 8 mg

- Pedi: 0.1 mg/kg slow IVP or IM, max single of 2 mg. May repeat once after 5 min.

27
Q

Lorazepam ( Ativan)

  • Pharmacokinetics
A
  • Onset: 1-5 min IV, 5-10 IM

- Half Life: 10-20 hrs

Pharmacology (11 decks)

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