Sympathetics of Head/Neck, Infratemporal Fossa, TMJ

Question 1

What are the lateral boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 1

Ramus of mandible

Question 2

What are the medial boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 2

lateral pterygoid plate

Question 3

What are the anterior boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 3

posterior maxilla

Question 4

What are the posterior boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 4

mastoid, styloid processes

Question 5

What are the superior boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 5

greater wing of sphenoid

Question 6

What are the inferior boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 6

mandibular attachment of medial pterygoid

Question 7

Masseter

Answer 7

ATTACHMENTS- from the zygomatic arch to the angle of the mandible & lateral aspect of the ramus

FUNCTION- elevation, protraction and retraction (deep fibers) of the mandible

INNERVATION- mandibular nerve (from Trigeminal n)

Question 8

Temporalis

Answer 8

ATTACHMENTS- from the temporal fossa to the coronoid process & anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

FUNCTION- elevation & retraction (posterior aspect of the muscle) of the mandible

INNERVATION- mandibular nerve (from Trigeminal n)

Question 9

Lateral pterygoid

Answer 9

ATTACHMENTS- from the infratemporal surface of the sphenoid & lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate to the neck of the mandible & the TMJ disc

FUNCTION- depresses mandible, protracts & acts with the ipsilateral medial pterygoid to rotate the mandible to produce the side-to-side movements during chewing

INNERVATION- mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 10

Medial pterygoid

Answer 10

ATTACHMENTS- from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate & adjacent maxilla to the medial aspect of the angle of the mandible

FUNCTION- elevation of the mandible & acts with the ipsilateral lateral pterygoid to rotate the mandible to produce the side-to-side movements during trituration of food

INNERVATION- mandibular nerve (from Trigeminal n)

Question 11

what kind of joint is the TMJ?

Answer 11

Synovial

Question 12

what are the components of the TMJ?

Answer 12

• fibrocartlinagenous articular disc
• articular tubercule
• mandibular fossa
• head of mandible

Question 13

What does the articular tubercule do?

Answer 13

restricts anterior translation of head of mandible

Question 14

Where does the lateral ligament attach?

Answer 14

condyle to zygomatic

supports joint capsule in maintaining articulation, & helps to limit depression & retraction

Question 15

Where does the stylomandibular ligament attach?

Answer 15

styloid process to angle of mandible

-taut during moderate opening

Question 16

Where does the sphenomandibular ligament attach?

Answer 16

sphenoid to the ramus of mandible

-a check ligament to prevent excessive depression and stability

Question 17

What are the articular branches? what do they do

Answer 17

branches of V3

they monitor joint position and nocioception

Question 18

Which muslces elevate (close) the tempromandibular joint?

Answer 18

temporalis
messeter
medial pterygoid

Question 19

Which muslces depress (open) the tempromandibular joint?

Answer 19

lateral pterygoid
suprahyoid
infrahyoid

Question 20

Explain the lateral pterygoid

Answer 20

anterior migration of the disc is assisted by this muslce. head of mandible moves anteriorly

Question 21

Which muscles do protrusion of the tempromandibular joint?

Answer 21

lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid
masseter

Question 22

Which muslces do retrusion of the tempromandibular joint?

Answer 22

temporalis

masseter

Question 23

Explain lateral movements of TMJ

Answer 23

temporalis- ipsilateral

pterygoids- contralateral

Question 24

Explain a dislocated TMJ

Answer 24

The Jaw may become locked open from yawning, taking large bites, excessive contraction of lateral pterygoids

if head of mandible goes anterior to articular tubercule= dislocation. inability of mandible to clear articular tubercule and go back into place may occur

need to have interior and posterior movement to get the jaw back into place for mandible to clear articular tubercule

Question 25

Explain mandibular changes with age

Answer 25

• loss of mandibular teeth causes alveolor process to absorb
• mental and mandibular foramina become more superior on body of mandible
• mental nerve may become damaged, body of mandible may fracture