Intro to Thorax Flashcards
Which joint classification are Costovertebral, Costotransverse and sternocostal?
Synovial classification-plane
External intercostal
ATTACHMENTS- from rib to rib oriented from superior-lateral to inferior-medial [down and in]
ACTIONS- elevation of ribs
INNERVATION- intercostal nerve (segmental)
Internal & innermost intercostal
ATTACHMENTS- from rib to rib oriented superior-medial to inferior-lateral [down and out]
ACTIONS- depression of ribs
INNERVATION- intercostal nerve (segmental)
Transversus thoracis
ATTACHMENTS- from posterior sternum to costal cartilages
ACTIONS- depress ribs
INNERVATION- intercostal nerves (segmental)
Diaphragm (C3-5)
ATTACHMENTS- from xiphoid process, inner surface of the lower ribs & costal cartilages, lumbar vertebrae via the crura to the central tendon
ACTIONS- inspiration (negative thoracic pressure by inferior displacement)
INNERVATION- phrenic nerve
Cervical plexus (most nerves derived fro plexus are included in Head and Neck)
Phrenic nerve (C3-5) function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to pericardium & central tendon (& adjacent pleura & peritoneum); motor & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to diaphragm
Dorsal primary ramus
- Medial branch
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to back muscles & overlying skin; motor innervation of midline deep back muscles and facet joints - Lateral branch
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to back muscles & overlying skin; motor innervation of deep and superficial back muscles
Intercostal n. (T1-6; aka upper intercostals nerves)
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to intercostal muscles, parietal pleura & skin; motor innervation of intercostal muscles
Lateral cutaneous branch of Intercostal
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying lateral aspect of intercostal space
Anterior cutaneous branch of intercostal
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying anterior aspect of intercostal space
Collateral branch of intercostal
function- redundant with remainder of nerve
Intercostobrachial n. (T2 only) of intercostal
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying proximal, medial aspect of arm
Thoracoabdominal n. (T7-11) [aka lower intercostal nerves]
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to intercostal muscles, anterior abdominal muscles, peripheral diaphragm, parietal pleura; motor innervation of intercostal muscles and muscles of anterior abdominal wall
Lateral cutaneous branch of Thoracoabdominal
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying lateral aspect of intercostal space & adjacent anterior abdominal wall
Anterior cutaneous branch of Thoracoabdominal
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of skin overlying rectus abdominis muscle
Collateral branch of Thoracoabdominal
function- redundant with remainder of nerve
Subcostal nerve (T12)
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to skin overlying lateral and anterior abdominal wall, muscles of anterior abdominal wall; motor innervation of muscles of anterior abdominal wall
What structure serves as a boundary between the thoracic and abdominal cavities?
Diaphragm- inferior
The 9th rib has indirect cartilaginous attachment to the sternum, making it what type of rib?
False
What rib joint is formed between the head of the rib and body of the vertebra?
Costovertebral
What bony landmark is formed at the union of the manubrium and body of the sternum?
Sternal Angle
What dermatome of the thorax corresponds to skin over the xiphoid process?
T6
What rib joint is formed between the costal tubercule and the transverse process?
Costotransverse
What rib joint is formed between the sternum and costal cartilage?
Sternocostal
What dermatome of the thorax corresponds to include the nipple?
T4
What dermatome of the thorax corresponds to include the umbilicus?
T10
The 3rd rib has direct cartilagenous attachment to the sternum making it what type of rib?
True
The 11th and 12th rib have no attachment to the sternum, making it which type of rib?
Floating
What are the boundaries and general contents of the thoracic cavity?
Posterior: spine
Anterior: sternum
Inferior: diaphragm
Superior: superior thoracic aperature
contains primary organs of respiratory and cardiovascular systems
What are the compartments of the thoracic cavity?
- right pleural cavity
- inferior mediastinum
- left pleural cavity
- superior mediastinum
- diaphargm
What are the component and functions of the thoracic wall?
Components: skin, subcutaneous tissue, ribs, intercostal muscles
functions: protection, respiration, muscle attachment
Describe the 3 different types of ribs
True: 1-7, direct cartilagenous attachment to sternum
False: 8-10, connect to sternum indirectly
Floating- 11 and 12, no attachment to sternum
Describe the thoracic wall innervation
T1-T6: upper intercostal
T7-T11: lower intercostal
T12: subcostal
What are the contents of the breast?
Lobes of mammary glands, fibrous tissue, fatty matrix, blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves
- The intercostal nerves, arteries and veins are positioned _____ to the internal intercostal muscles
deep
- The intercostal veins, arteries, and nerves are all positioned directly ____ to the ribs.
inferior
- The internal thoracic artery is positioned ____ to the first six costal cartilages.
posterior (deep)
- The left phrenic nerve passes _____ to the root of the left lung
anterior
- The left phrenic nerve is positioned _____ to the pericardial sac.
lateral
- The left phrenic nerve passes ____ to the ascending aorta.
lateral
- The right phrenic nerve is positioned _____ to the superior vena cava.
lateral
- The right phrenic nerve is positioned _____ to the pericardial sac.
lateral
- The right phrenic nerve passes _____ to the root of the right lung.
anterior
- The azygos vein (arch) passes ______ to the right main bronchus
superior
Where is the scalene tubercle and what attaches to it?
On the 1st rib.
Anterior scalene muscle attaches from it to 1st rib.
The 1st rib contains grooves for the ___________.
subclavian artery and vein.
Where is the jugular notch located?
superior aspect of manubrium.
Where are the clavicular notches and what are their functions?
On the superior aspect of manubrium, on either side of the jugular notch.
Function- articulates manubrium to clavicle.
how many costal notches are on the manubrium and for which ribs?
1 and first rib.
