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Clinical Anatomy 2021 > Leg > Flashcards

Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Extensor digitorum longus L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral tibial condyle, proximal 3/4th of the fibula and crural interosseous membrane to the dorsal digital expansions of toes 2-5

ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and extends digits 2-5 (IP & MP)

INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve

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2
Q

Extensor hallucis longus L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the middle 1/2 of the fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane to the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe

ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and extends great toe (MP & IP)

INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve

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3
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the distal fibula and crural interosseous membrane to the base of the 5th metatarsal

ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and everts foot

INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve

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4
Q

Tibialis anterior L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral condyle and proximal 2/3rds of the tibia’s lateral surface & crural interosseous membrane to the medial cuneiform & adjacent 1st metatarsal

ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and inverts foot

INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve

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5
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) longus L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the head & proximal 2/3rds of the fibula to the lateral aspects of the 1st metatarsal & adjacent medial cuneiform

ACTIONS- everts foot, plantar flexes ankle, and depresses 1st metatarsal head

INNERVATION- superficial fibular nerve

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6
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the distal 2/3rds of the fibula to the lateral base of the 5th metatarsal

ACTIONS- everts foots, plantar flexes ankle

INNERVATION- superficial fibular nerve

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7
Q

Flexor digitorum longus L5, S1-2

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior tibia distal to the soleal line to the plantar surface of the distal phalangeal bases

ACTIONS- plantar flexes ankle, and flexes digits 2-5 (MP & IP)

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

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8
Q

Flexor hallucis longus L5, S1-2

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the distal 2/3rds of the posterior fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane to the plantar aspect of the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe

ACTIONS- plantar flexes ankle, and flexes great toe (MP & IP)

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

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9
Q

Gastrocnemius S1-2

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior aspect of the femoral condyles and joint capsule to the posterior calcaneal surface

ACTIONS- flexes knee, and plantar flexes ankle

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

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10
Q

Plantaris L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral supracondylar line to the posterior calcaneal surface

ACTIONS- flexes knee, and plantar flexes ankle

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

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11
Q

Popliteus L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral femoral condyle and oblique popliteal ligament to the soleal line of the tibia

ACTIONS- in NWB, medial rotation of tibia and knee flexion; in WB insertion is fixed: lateral rotation of femur and knee flexion; thus, it unlocks the knee from extension into early flexion

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

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12
Q

Soleus L5, S1-2

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior aspect of the head & proximal 1/4th of the fibula & tibial soleal line to the posterior calcaneal surface

ACTIONS- plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

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13
Q

Tibialis posterior L4-5, S1

A

ATTACHMENTS- from the crural interosseous membrane, lateral tibial surface & medial fibular surface to the navicular, medial & intermediate cuneiforms and bases of metatarsals 2-4

ACTIONS- inverts foot and plantar flexes ankle

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

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14
Q

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius

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15
Q

What actions do the anterior comparment of the leg do?

A

ankle dorsiflexion
ankle inversion
toe extension

ankle eversion IF the peroneus tertius could be isolated

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16
Q

What innervates the anterior comparment of the leg?

A

deep fibular n

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17
Q

What is the blood supply of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

anterior tibial a

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18
Q

Which muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

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19
Q

what are the actions of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

ankle eversion

ankle plantar flexion

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20
Q

What innervates the lateral comparment of the leg?

A

superficial fibular n

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21
Q

What is the blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

fibular a

22
Q

Which muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

23
Q

what are the actions of the posterior compartment of the leg?superficial

A

ankle plantar flexion

knee flexion

24
Q

What innervates the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial

A

tibial n

25
Q

What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial

A

posterior tibial a

26
Q

Which muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg? deep

A

popilteus
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
tibialis posterior

27
Q

what are the actions of the posterior compartment of the leg? deep

A

ankle plantar flexion, inversion
toe flexion
knee flexion

28
Q

What innervates the posterior compartment of the leg? deep

A

tibial n

29
Q

What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg? deep

A

posterior tibial a

30
Q

Explain the course of the tibial n

A
  • joins with popliteal a and v
  • continues on with posterior tibial a
  • gives off sural n
  • splits into lateral and medial plantar nerves in foot
31
Q

Explain the course of the deep fibular n

A
  • approches interosseus membrane
  • between tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus
  • descends w anterior tibial a
32
Q

Explain the course of the superficial fibular n

A
  • begins at bifurcation of common fibular n
  • supplies fibularis longus and brevis
  • emerges and cutaneous branch
33
Q

Explain the course of the common fibular n

A
  • deep to proximal fibularis longus
  • curves lateral to neck of fibula
  • splits deep to fibularis longus
  • prone to injury
34
Q

Where is the superior extensor reinaculum?

A
  • distal tibia to distal fibula

- holds tendons of anterior compartment in place

35
Q

Where is the inferior extensor retinaculum?

A
  • calcaneous to navicular and medial malleolus

- stabilize and maintain position of extensor tendons of anterior compartment

36
Q

Where is the superior fibular retinaculum?

A

lateral malleolus to calcaneus

  • stabilizes superior to ankle joint
  • can injure with severe ankle sprain
37
Q

Where is the inferior fibular retinaculum?

A
  • inferior extensor retinaculum to calcaneous
  • prevents movement of tendons in lateral compartment-fibularis longus and brevis
  • can injure with severe ankle sprain
  • tendons begin to sublux over fibula
38
Q

What is crural fascia?

A
  • Covers entire region
  • gives off deep thickening called retinaculum
  • retinaculum provide stability to tendons in ankle region
39
Q

What separates the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg?

A

Anterior crural intermuscular septum

40
Q

What separates the lateral and posterior compartments of the leg?

A

Posterior crural intermuscular septum

41
Q

What separates the superficial and deep posterior compartments of the leg?

A

Transverse intermuscular septum

42
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments of the anterior and lateral leg muscles?

A

L4-S1

43
Q

What dermatome is associated with the 1st toe?

A

L4

44
Q

What dermatome is associated with the 5th toe?

A

S1

45
Q

What dermatome is associated with the heel?

A

S2

46
Q

What does the sural nerve branch off of?

A

Tibial n

47
Q

What does the tibial nerve run with?

A

Popliteal artery and vein and then continues on with posterior tibial artery.

48
Q

Superficial fibular nerve supplies what two muscles?

A

Fibularis longus and brevis.

49
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments for the Anterior and Lateral leg muscles?

A

L4-S1

50
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments for flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and soleus?

A

L5-S2

51
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments for gastrocnemius?

A

S1-2

52
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments for plantaris, popliteus, and tibialis posterior?

A

L4-S1

Clinical Anatomy 2021 (11 decks)

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