Leg Flashcards
Extensor digitorum longus L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral tibial condyle, proximal 3/4th of the fibula and crural interosseous membrane to the dorsal digital expansions of toes 2-5
ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and extends digits 2-5 (IP & MP)
INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve
Extensor hallucis longus L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the middle 1/2 of the fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane to the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe
ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and extends great toe (MP & IP)
INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve
Fibularis (peroneus) tertius L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the distal fibula and crural interosseous membrane to the base of the 5th metatarsal
ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and everts foot
INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve
Tibialis anterior L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral condyle and proximal 2/3rds of the tibia’s lateral surface & crural interosseous membrane to the medial cuneiform & adjacent 1st metatarsal
ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and inverts foot
INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve
Fibularis (peroneus) longus L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the head & proximal 2/3rds of the fibula to the lateral aspects of the 1st metatarsal & adjacent medial cuneiform
ACTIONS- everts foot, plantar flexes ankle, and depresses 1st metatarsal head
INNERVATION- superficial fibular nerve
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the distal 2/3rds of the fibula to the lateral base of the 5th metatarsal
ACTIONS- everts foots, plantar flexes ankle
INNERVATION- superficial fibular nerve
Flexor digitorum longus L5, S1-2
ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior tibia distal to the soleal line to the plantar surface of the distal phalangeal bases
ACTIONS- plantar flexes ankle, and flexes digits 2-5 (MP & IP)
INNERVATION- tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus L5, S1-2
ATTACHMENTS- from the distal 2/3rds of the posterior fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane to the plantar aspect of the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe
ACTIONS- plantar flexes ankle, and flexes great toe (MP & IP)
INNERVATION- tibial nerve
Gastrocnemius S1-2
ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior aspect of the femoral condyles and joint capsule to the posterior calcaneal surface
ACTIONS- flexes knee, and plantar flexes ankle
INNERVATION- tibial nerve
Plantaris L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral supracondylar line to the posterior calcaneal surface
ACTIONS- flexes knee, and plantar flexes ankle
INNERVATION- tibial nerve
Popliteus L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral femoral condyle and oblique popliteal ligament to the soleal line of the tibia
ACTIONS- in NWB, medial rotation of tibia and knee flexion; in WB insertion is fixed: lateral rotation of femur and knee flexion; thus, it unlocks the knee from extension into early flexion
INNERVATION- tibial nerve
Soleus L5, S1-2
ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior aspect of the head & proximal 1/4th of the fibula & tibial soleal line to the posterior calcaneal surface
ACTIONS- plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint
INNERVATION- tibial nerve
Tibialis posterior L4-5, S1
ATTACHMENTS- from the crural interosseous membrane, lateral tibial surface & medial fibular surface to the navicular, medial & intermediate cuneiforms and bases of metatarsals 2-4
ACTIONS- inverts foot and plantar flexes ankle
INNERVATION- tibial nerve
What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?
tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
What actions do the anterior comparment of the leg do?
ankle dorsiflexion
ankle inversion
toe extension
ankle eversion IF the peroneus tertius could be isolated
What innervates the anterior comparment of the leg?
deep fibular n
What is the blood supply of the anterior compartment of the leg?
anterior tibial a
Which muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
what are the actions of the lateral compartment of the leg?
ankle eversion
ankle plantar flexion
What innervates the lateral comparment of the leg?
superficial fibular n
What is the blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?
fibular a
Which muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
what are the actions of the posterior compartment of the leg?superficial
ankle plantar flexion
knee flexion
What innervates the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial
tibial n
What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial
posterior tibial a
Which muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg? deep
popilteus
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
tibialis posterior
what are the actions of the posterior compartment of the leg? deep
ankle plantar flexion, inversion
toe flexion
knee flexion
What innervates the posterior compartment of the leg? deep
tibial n
What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg? deep
posterior tibial a
Explain the course of the tibial n
- joins with popliteal a and v
- continues on with posterior tibial a
- gives off sural n
- splits into lateral and medial plantar nerves in foot
Explain the course of the deep fibular n
- approches interosseus membrane
- between tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus
- descends w anterior tibial a
Explain the course of the superficial fibular n
- begins at bifurcation of common fibular n
- supplies fibularis longus and brevis
- emerges and cutaneous branch
Explain the course of the common fibular n
- deep to proximal fibularis longus
- curves lateral to neck of fibula
- splits deep to fibularis longus
- prone to injury
Where is the superior extensor reinaculum?
- distal tibia to distal fibula
- holds tendons of anterior compartment in place
Where is the inferior extensor retinaculum?
- calcaneous to navicular and medial malleolus
- stabilize and maintain position of extensor tendons of anterior compartment
Where is the superior fibular retinaculum?
lateral malleolus to calcaneus
- stabilizes superior to ankle joint
- can injure with severe ankle sprain
Where is the inferior fibular retinaculum?
- inferior extensor retinaculum to calcaneous
- prevents movement of tendons in lateral compartment-fibularis longus and brevis
- can injure with severe ankle sprain
- tendons begin to sublux over fibula
What is crural fascia?
- Covers entire region
- gives off deep thickening called retinaculum
- retinaculum provide stability to tendons in ankle region
What separates the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg?
Anterior crural intermuscular septum
What separates the lateral and posterior compartments of the leg?
Posterior crural intermuscular septum
What separates the superficial and deep posterior compartments of the leg?
Transverse intermuscular septum
What are the common spinal cord segments of the anterior and lateral leg muscles?
L4-S1
What dermatome is associated with the 1st toe?
L4
What dermatome is associated with the 5th toe?
S1
What dermatome is associated with the heel?
S2
What does the sural nerve branch off of?
Tibial n
What does the tibial nerve run with?
Popliteal artery and vein and then continues on with posterior tibial artery.
Superficial fibular nerve supplies what two muscles?
Fibularis longus and brevis.
What are the common spinal cord segments for the Anterior and Lateral leg muscles?
L4-S1
What are the common spinal cord segments for flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and soleus?
L5-S2
What are the common spinal cord segments for gastrocnemius?
S1-2
What are the common spinal cord segments for plantaris, popliteus, and tibialis posterior?
L4-S1
