Swine Neurological Disease Flashcards
What pigs are most commonly affected by Streptococcus suis? Where is it most commonly found?
nursing and weaned piglets
indigenous on swine skin and ubiquitous in the environment
How does infection with Streptococcus suis progress?
- skin or upper respiratory infections lead to septicemia
- localization in the CNS, joints, and lungs
—> meninges, polyarthritis, polyserositis, pleural
What is the leading cause of septic meningitis in pigs? What signs does it cause?
Streptococcus suis (Gram +) —> ZOONOTIC!
- seizures
- paddling
- recumbency on the side
What treatment is recommended for Streptococcus suis infection? Are vaccines available?
antibiotics —> Penicillin, Tetracycline individual injections or pulsed in food/water to groups
antisera is available, but not as effective due to the genetic diversity of S. suis
What is the best control option for Streptococcus suis infection?
decrease stress associated with weaning, the environment, and other diseases (influenza A, Mycoplasma, PRRS, or PRV)
What causes Glasser’s Disease? What age of pigs is most commonly affected?
Hemophilus parasuis —> found in pig’s URT (snout!), ubiquitous in herds and doesn’t always cause disease
3 weeks to 4 months - colostrum is protective, passive failure is the main cause of disease
What causes septicemia in cases of Glasser’s disease? What are the 4 most common results?
stress from weaning, poor weather, and comingling + co-infection with Influenza or PRRS
- meningitis
- polyarthritis
- polyserositis
- pneumonia
When is severe disease seen in cases of Glasser’s Disease?
naive or stressed animals —> new strain to an older animal
What signs are seen with classic Glasser’s disease?
copious serofibrinous or fibrinopurulent exudate in the peritoneal cavity, pericardial sac, meninges, and pleura +/- joints, intestines
CNS signs = tremors, incoordination, posterior paralysis, lateral recumbency
What makes Glasser’s Disease worse? What treatment is recommended?
PRRS coinfection
broad spectrum antibiotics against G- —> Ceftiofur, Tetracycline
What causes edema disease in pigs? What age is most affected?
beta-hemolytic E. coli secretes shiga-like toxins tht affect the endothelium in the brain, eyelids, stomach, and mesentery
post-weaning pigs 3-7 weeks - low morbidity, high mortality
What unique sign is seen with edema disease in swine? What else is seen?
eyelid swelling
- anorexia, ataxia
- stupor, recumbency
- paddling
- change in squeal due to laryngeal edema
What pigs are most commonly affected by pseudorabies? What causes transmission to domestic swine?
piglets - mad itch, fever, depression, anorexia, tremors, incoordination, vomiting, foaming, blindness, paddling, seizures, coma, death —> near 100% mortality in neonates, high morbidity
eradicated in US herds, spread by feral swine
How are older pigs affected by pseudorabies?
- high morbidity, low mortality
- shorter course
- respiratory disease
- resistance!
What is the incubation period of rabies like in swine? What are the typical clinical signs?
9 days to 4 months —> death in 3-4 days
sudden onset of incoordination, prostration, chewing movements, excessive salivation, inability to squeal, muscular spasms and tremors, nose twitching (furious form is rare)
