Swine Anesthesia Flashcards
How long should you fast your pig prior to anesthesia?
Fast for 12-24hrs
No water for 2-4hrs
Intramuscular injections are required for chemical restraint in pigs. How and where do you administer them?
Long hypodermic needle
-hand dart / pole-syringe
Shoulder/neck, semimembranosus or semitendinsosis
AVOID thick fat deposits —> delay onset and prolong recovery
T/F: most sedatives are very effective in swine
False
—> rather include ketamine for proper immobilization With... -midazolam -azaperone -xylazine -medetomidine -ACP
Where can you put a IV catheter in pig?
Auricular vein
Could try femoral/saphenous but not easily visualizable
What agents can be used for induction in swine?
Ketamine (IM/IV) +/- Xylazine
Telzaol ( tiletamine and zolazepam)
Thiopentone
Inhalation by mask is last resort!
What size of ETT tube is used in pig
6mm-16mm
When should you intubate a pig?
When they are in plane III of anesthesia
—> risk of laryngospasm
You shoudl turn the ETT about 180 degrees when you reach the ______________________ which will direct the tip of the tube into the trachea
Larygnotracheal junction curve
What are ways of maintaining pigs under anesthesia ?
ISO/sevoflurane
Triple drip
Propofol based CRI
Where can you place a Doppler on a pig?
Leg/tail
For a direct BP measurement, you can used what artery in a pig?
Auricular artery
When should you extubate you pig??
When swallowing reflex returns
Be careful of laryngospasms
T/F: pigs are susceptible to hypothermia
True
-blanket or lamp
What can be used for analgesia in pigs?
NSAIDS: flunixine, ketoprofen, carprofen, meloxicam
Opioids: butorphanol, morphine, fentanyl
What is malignant hyperthermia ?
Life-threatening skeletal muscle pharmaco-genetic syndrome
Due to mutation in ryanodine gene —> dysfunctional release of Ca into sarcoplsm
What species can develop malignant hyperthermia ?
Human
Pig
Horse
What breeds of pigs most commonly get malignant hyperthermia ?
Large white type
- large white
- landrace
- spotted white
- hampshire
- pietrain
- Poland-china
What type of inhalant most commonly causes malignant hyperthermia?
Halothane
What are triggering factors for malignant hyperthermia?
Stress
Inhalation anesthetics
Depolarizing muscle relaxants
What are signs of malignant hyperthermia?
Sweating Tachypnea Tachycardia Hypertension Muscle rigidity and twitching Myoglobinuria Death
How can you prevent malignant hyperthermia?
Minimize stres
Pre-treat susceptible pigs with dantrolene
Used injectable anesthetic vs inhalant
What is the treatment of malignant hyperthermia?
Stop inhalation anesthetic Dantrolene Water/ice bath Cold Iv fluid ACP for vasodilation Na bicarb for acidosis TLC
