Fluid Therapy Flashcards
How much total body water is in the ECF?
1/3
Extracellular fluid is made up of what two components and how much of total body water do they constitute ?
Intravascular fluid —> 1/12 TBW
Interstitial fluid —> 3/12 TBW
Intracellular fluid makes up ________ total body water
2/3
T/F: total body water is more in obese and old animals
False
Less
What influences fluid movement from the interstitium to venous system?
Capillary wall
—> permeable to water and ions
—> impermeable to protein
What influence fluid movement form the intracellular to intersitial?
Cell membrane
—> permeable to water
—> impermeable to ions
What is the main ion in the intracellular fluid?
K+
What is the main ion in the extracellular fluid?
Na+
What is the approximate osmolality in both ECT and ICF?
300 mOsm/kg
Plasma protein have a net ______ charge
Negative
-essential for driving fluid into the IVF
What protein is most important in determining colloid onctoic pressure
Albumin
—>edema can be cause by hypoalbuminemia
What is the physiological osmotic pressure ?
23mmHg
What are the three types of fluids?
Cyststalloids
Colloids
Blood and products
What are crystal lords?
Contain water, electrolytes, and non-electrolytes
Can enter all body fluid compartments
Crystalloids replace small blood losses at a __________ v/v ratio
3:1
What are the replacement (balanced) crystalloid solutions?
Ringers
Ringers lactate
Plasmalyte R (normosol R)
_____________ types of fluids are used to replace body water and electrolytes
Crystalloids - replacement solutions
Eg ringers/ plasmalyte R
T/F: replacement solutions cause no changes in electrolytes
True
- electrolyte composition is similar to the ECF
Large volumes of crystalloids can cause rapid re-expansion of ECF, but approx ______ remains IVF after 30 minuteus, and ______ will remain IVF after 1 hour
1/3; 1/4
Besides electrotyes, replacement solutions normally contain what type of agents?
Alkalinizing
Eg lactate, acetate, gluconate
What products are crystalloids maintenance solutions?
Plasmalyte M (Normosol M) in Dextrose 5%
When do we used a crystalloid maintenance solution?
Patients that have been stabilized by replacement fluids
Patients not taking in adequate amounts to meet daily requirements
Meant to replace daily fluid loss
What is the amount of maintenance fluid requirements?
40-60mL/kg/day
T/F: Plasmalyte M is used commonly for peri-anesthetic use
False
Maintenance solutions are not appropriate for peri-anesthetic use