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Perio Exam 2 > Sweep 3 > Flashcards

Sweep 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis: involvement of palatal mucosa leads to

A

necrotizing stomatitis

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2
Q

Incidence of LAP is ——– people at risk (14- to 15-year old)

A

1.3/1000

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3
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis-

[Through oral mucosal epithelium, virus penetrates a neural ending and travels to the

A

trigeminal ganglion.]

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4
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis-

Symptoms:

A
  • painful severe gingivitis with redness
    • ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate
    • edema accompanied by stomatitis
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5
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis:

Characteristics:

A
  • Incubation period is one week.
    • Formation of vesicles, which rupture, coalesce
      and leave fibrin-coated ulcers.
    • Healing within 10 to 14 days.
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6
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis may be

A

asymptomatic in childhood, but may also give rise severe gingivostomatitis (painful severe gingivitis with redness, ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate and edema.

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7
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis:

The incubation period is

A

1 week

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8
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis:

A characteristic feature is formation of

A

vesicles, which rupture, coalesce, and leave fibrin coated ulcers.
Fever and lymphadenopathy are other classic features.

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9
Q 
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis-
		Possible mechanism(s):
A

TGF-1 favor the accumulation of ECM.

May be located on chromosome 2 in human.

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10
Q
  • β-glucuronidase:
A

a lysosomal enzyme degrades proteoglycans and ground substance

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11
Q
  • Elastase: a proteolytic enzyme found in lysosomal granules of
A

neutrophil

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12
Q

Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy

A

Measure of oxygen saturation of the tissues
The wavelength region 500 to 600 nm is dominated by the absorption from oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb)

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13
Q

Volpe-Manhold Index: Determines the

A

quantity of supragingival calculus

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14
Q

Volpe-Manhold Index measures

A

Lingual surfaces of lower anteriors (#22-27)

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15
Q

Volpe-Manhold Index: Quantity is determined in

A

mm of calculus along the 2 diagonal and the central lines drawn over the lingual surface of each tooth

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16
Q

Volpe-Manhold Index: Index, expressed in mm, is computed for tooth, subject, population
Most frequently used calculus index in

A

longitudinal studies

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17
Q

B-o-P is a valid indicator for periodontal ——–. However, it is a poor indicator of periodontal ———-.

A

stability

breakdown

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18
Q

The Extent and Severity Index (ESI):

Agreement

A

Disease is defined as attachment loss >1mm

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19
Q

The Extent and Severity Index (ESI):

Extent

A

Proportion of tooth sites in a patient showing signs of destructive periodontitis

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20
Q

The Extent and Severity Index (ESI):

Severity

A

Amount of attachment loss at the diseased sites, expressed as a mean value

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21
Q

Bacterial plaque induces gingivitis, but ——- determines if CP will develop

A

host response

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22
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis-

Symptoms:

A
  • painful severe gingivitis with redness
    • ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate
    • edema accompanied by stomatitis
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23
Q

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis-

Characteristics:

A
  • Incubation period is one week.
    • Formation of vesicles, which rupture, coalesce
      and leave fibrin-coated ulcers.
    • Healing within 10 to 14 days.
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24
Q

Recurrent herpetic infections

A

herpes labialis

Vermilion border and/or the skin adjacent to it.

20-40% of individuals with primary infection.
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25
Q

Recurrent herpetic infections

Diagnosis:

- generally considered an ------------.
- ulcers in ------------.
A

aphtous ulceration

attached gingiva and hard palate

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26
Q

Herpes zoster-
Clinical:
Small ulcers usually on the —————.

- Latent in the ------------.
- ---------- lesions.
A

tongue, palatal and gingiva

dorsal root ganglion

Unilateral

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27
Q

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis possible mechs:

A

TGF-beta1 favor the accumulation of ECM.

May be located on chromosome 2 in human.

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28
Q

Pyogenic granuloma of pregnancy-

Commonly arises from the ———- and has a ————-.

A

proximal gingival tissues

pedunculated base

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29
Q

Nonperiodonittis related abscess:

Root morphology alterations

A

Iatrogenic (endodontic perforation)
External root resorption
Cemental tears

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30
Q

Lichen planus:

——— alone is common.

A

Oral involvement

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31
Q

Lichen planus:

> Characteristic skin lesions

A

(Wickham striae).

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32
Q

Lichen planus: Various clinical appearances.

A

[papular, reticular, plaque-like, atrophic, ulcerative, bullous]

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33
Q

:Oral Lichenoid Lesions: *

A

subepithelial,band-like accumulation of lymphocytes and macrophages characteristic of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.

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34
Q

Oral Lichenoid Lesions: examples

A

Examples: lesions in contact with dental restorations
lesions associated with various types of medications (NSAIDs, diuretics, beta-blockers etc)
a group of systemic diseases (liver disease)

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35
Q

Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Treatment:

A

Take biopsy (handling is different than regular biopsy) Take sample for culture if questioning candida inf
(about 38% of OLP cases have secondary inf)
A traumatic dental plaque control
Topical corticosteroids to control pain, discomfort

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36
Q

Pemphigoid

A group of disorders in which

A

autoantibodies towards components of the basement membrane result in detachment of the epithelium from the connective tissue

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37
Q

Pemphigoid: Histology:

A

Autoantibody reactions against hemidesmosome and

lamina lucida components.

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38
Q

Pemphigoid: ————– may be involved in the pathogenesis.

A

Complement-mediated cell destructive processes

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39
Q

Pemphigoid: Three types:

-

A

Bullous
- Benign Mucous Membrane -
Cicatricial (Scar formation)

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40
Q

Pemphigoid: Nicholsky sign

A

[Rubbing of the gingiva creates bulla formation]

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41
Q

Pemphigoid treatment:

A

Treatment: Plaque removal with daily use of chlorhexidine and/or topical corticosteroid

42
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris: Formation of ——- in skin and

mucous membranes.

A

intraepithelial bullae

43
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris: Painful ———– lesions, erosions or ulcerations.

A

desquamative

44
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris: ——— course with recurrent ——– formation. Typically in middle age or elderly.

A

Chronic

bulla

45
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris: Histology:

A

Acantholysis (due to destruction of desmosomes) Pericellular epithelial deposits of IgG and C3.
Circulating autoantibodies against interepithelial adhesion molecules

46
Q

Erythema multiforme: Acute, sometimes recurrent, ———— disease affecting both mucous membranes and skin.

A

vesiculobullous

47
Q

Erythema multiforme: Oral involvement occurs as much as ————of cases.

A

25-60%

48
Q

Erythema multiforme: Swollen lips often with extensive

A

crust formation of the

vermilion border.

49
Q

Erythema multiforme: ——– that rupture and leave extensive ———-.

A

Bullae

ulcers

50
Q

Erythema multiforme: Characteristic skin lesions

A

(iris appearance+bullae).

51
Q

Erythema multiforme: Extensive necrosis:

A

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

oral, ocular, genital, skin

52
Q

Erythema multiforme of palatal mucosa: appears to be a ————- precipitating by a wide range of factors including ————

A

cytotoxic immune reaction towards keratinocytes

herpes simplex virus and various drugs

53
Q

Erythema multiforme of palatal mucosa: Treatment:

A

Plaque control, Local/systemic

54
Q

Lupus erythematosus- Autoimmune connective tissue disorders in which

A

autoantibodies form to various cellular constituents

55
Q

Lupus erythematosus- Central ——— area with small ——— surrounded by =———- with a periphery of ———–
(vascular lesion formed by dilatation of a group of small blood vessels)

A

atrophic

white dots

irradiating fine white striae

telangiectasia

56
Q

Lupus erythematosus- Lesions can be ulcerated and cannot be differentiated from

A

leukoplakia or atrophic oral lichen planus

57
Q

Lupus erythematosus- Together with characteristic skin lesions

A

(butterfly).

58
Q

Lupus erythematosus- Histology:
Degeneration of ——— and increased width of the ————-.
Deposits of various———– along the basement
membrane.

A

basal cells

basement membrane

Ig.s, C3 and fibrin

59
Q

Lupus erythematosus; Discoid forms

A

(mild chronic which affects skin and mucous membranes

60
Q

Lupus erythematosus: Systemic forms of the disease

A

(can be fatal)

61
Q

Fibroma/ focal fibrous hyperplasia:

► A focal fibrous hyperplasia caused by .

A

irritation

62
Q

Fibroma/ focal fibrous hyperplasia: ———–nodules

A

Sessile, well-circumscribed smooth-surfaced

63
Q

Fibromafocal fibrous hyperplasia: ► Cell———, ———- collagenous tissue.

A

poor

hyperplastic

64
Q

Fibroma/focal fibrous hyperplasia: ► May show .

A

hyperkeratinization

65
Q

Fibroma/focal fibrous hyperplasia: ► Differential diagnosis:

A

Giant cell fibroma.

66
Q

Calcified fibroblastic granuloma:

►Differential diagnosis:

A

Pyogenic granuloma

67
Q

Pyogenic granuloma: —- (may resemble purulence).

A

Ulcerated

► gingival margin.

68
Q

Pyogenic granuloma: ► ———-, sometimes lobulated, sessile or pedunculated. Bleeding is common.

A

Reddish or bluish

69
Q

Pyogenic granuloma: ► Highly ——- with chronic ———– cells.

A

vascular

inflammatory

70
Q

Pyogenic granuloma: ► Differential diagnosis:

A

Pregnancy tumor.

71
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma: location

A

Anywhere on the gingival mucosa.

72
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma Forms:

A
  • Pedunculated (has a stalk), sessile (broad base),

red or purple, commonly ulcerated.

73
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma: Focal collection of ———— with a richly cellular and vascular ——— separated by ———-.

A

multi-nucleated osteoclast-like
giant cells

stroma

collageneous septa

74
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma: - Probably originated from .

A

periodontal ligament

75
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma: Differential diagnosis:

A

focal fibrous hyperplasia.

76
Q

Periapical cemental dysplasia: ———- lesions.

A

Fibrous-osseous cemental

77
Q

Periapical cemental dysplasia: ► Tooth is usually ——-.

► Usually ————–.

A

vital

no symptoms

78
Q

Periapical cemental dysplasia: Periapical bone is replaced by ————- through a ———— phase.

A

cellular fibroblastic tissue

cementoblastic

79
Q

Periapical cemental dysplasia: Differential diagnosis:

A

Cemento-ossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia.

80
Q

Hemangioma: - Rather frequent tumors of ———–.

- ————, soft lesions of blue to red color.

A

oral mucosa

Flat or raised, sometimes lobulated

81
Q

Hemangioma: - ———– but may bleed. - They blanch on ———-.

A

Asymptomatic

pressure

82
Q

Hemangioma two types:

A

Capillary and cavernous types.

83
Q

Hemangioma: Differential diagnosis:

A

Mucous cysts, pyogenic granuloma.

84
Q

Osteosarcoma:

A

widening of pdl is common

85
Q

Malignant lymphoma:

Primary malignant lymphoma is ——— in the oral cavity.
► It occurs among ———–

A

rare

HIV-infected patients frequently

86
Q

Metastasis to the gingiva:

The majority are ———–.
► Soft tissue metastasis from ———-.
► Most of the metastasis cases are ———– and not ———–.

A

intraosseous

lung cancer

carcinoma, sarcoma

87
Q

Benign cementoblastoma:

Slow-growing neoplasm forming hard tissue around the.

A

apex of a tooth

88
Q

Benign cementoblastoma: ► Radiopacity typically surrounded by a

A

radiolucent margin

89
Q

Ameloblastoma:

► Derived from ————. ► Well-circumscribed ————

A

odontogenic epithelium

radiolucency

90
Q

Peripheral odontogenic tumors:

———- gingival lesions.

A

Non-ulcerated sessile or pedunculated

91
Q

Peripheral odontogenic tumors: Generally detected in the

A

soft tissue around unerupted

teeth.

92
Q

Peripheral odontogenic tumors: ► Histopathology is similar to

A

intraosseous forms of the tumors.

93
Q

Verruca vulgaris (one type of papilloma):

Is less common in ——– compared to skin.
- ———— are main locations.

A

oral mucosa

Lips and palate

94
Q 
Verruca vulgaris (one type of papilloma):
- -------------- lesion with a ------- surface.
A

Sessile, exophytic or raised

whitish

95
Q 
Verruca vulgaris (one type of papilloma): - ------------ surface with ------------
and elongated ------ ridges.
A

Papillomatous

hyperkeratinization

rete

96
Q

Verruca vulgaris (one type of papilloma): - Associated with

A

HPV type 2 and 4.

97
Q

Nevus

Pigmented lesion containing———— . ► rare in the oral mucosa, mostly seen in ———. ►

A

melanocytes in CT

palate

98
Q

Nevus:
————– lesions or a tumor.
► ———— or no pigmentation.

A

Flat, slightly raised

Brown or black

99
Q

Nevus:

► ————- located along the basal layer of epithelium.

A

Nevocellular or brown nevus

100
Q

Nevus: Differential diagnosis:

A

Amalgam tattoo

Perio Exam 2 (20 decks)

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