Sweep 3 Flashcards
1
Q
Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis: involvement of palatal mucosa leads to
A
necrotizing stomatitis
2
Q
Incidence of LAP is ——– people at risk (14- to 15-year old)
A
1.3/1000
3
Q
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis-
[Through oral mucosal epithelium, virus penetrates a neural ending and travels to the
A
trigeminal ganglion.]
4
Q
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis-
Symptoms:
A
- painful severe gingivitis with redness
- ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate
- edema accompanied by stomatitis
5
Q
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis:
Characteristics:
A
- Incubation period is one week.
- Formation of vesicles, which rupture, coalesce
and leave fibrin-coated ulcers. - Healing within 10 to 14 days.
- Formation of vesicles, which rupture, coalesce
6
Q
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis may be
A
asymptomatic in childhood, but may also give rise severe gingivostomatitis (painful severe gingivitis with redness, ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate and edema.
7
Q
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis:
The incubation period is
A
1 week
8
Q
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis:
A characteristic feature is formation of
A
vesicles, which rupture, coalesce, and leave fibrin coated ulcers.
Fever and lymphadenopathy are other classic features.
9
Q
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis- Possible mechanism(s):
A
TGF-1 favor the accumulation of ECM.
May be located on chromosome 2 in human.
10
Q
- β-glucuronidase:
A
a lysosomal enzyme degrades proteoglycans and ground substance
11
Q
- Elastase: a proteolytic enzyme found in lysosomal granules of
A
neutrophil
12
Q
Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy
A
Measure of oxygen saturation of the tissues
The wavelength region 500 to 600 nm is dominated by the absorption from oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb)
13
Q
Volpe-Manhold Index: Determines the
A
quantity of supragingival calculus
14
Q
Volpe-Manhold Index measures
A
Lingual surfaces of lower anteriors (#22-27)
15
Q
Volpe-Manhold Index: Quantity is determined in
A
mm of calculus along the 2 diagonal and the central lines drawn over the lingual surface of each tooth
16
Q
Volpe-Manhold Index: Index, expressed in mm, is computed for tooth, subject, population
Most frequently used calculus index in
A
longitudinal studies
17
Q
B-o-P is a valid indicator for periodontal ——–. However, it is a poor indicator of periodontal ———-.
A
stability
breakdown
18
Q
The Extent and Severity Index (ESI):
Agreement
A
Disease is defined as attachment loss >1mm
19
Q
The Extent and Severity Index (ESI):
Extent
A
Proportion of tooth sites in a patient showing signs of destructive periodontitis
20
Q
The Extent and Severity Index (ESI):
Severity
A
Amount of attachment loss at the diseased sites, expressed as a mean value
21
Q
Bacterial plaque induces gingivitis, but ——- determines if CP will develop
A
host response
22
Q
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis-
Symptoms:
A
- painful severe gingivitis with redness
- ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate
- edema accompanied by stomatitis
23
Q
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis-
Characteristics:
A
- Incubation period is one week.
- Formation of vesicles, which rupture, coalesce
and leave fibrin-coated ulcers. - Healing within 10 to 14 days.
- Formation of vesicles, which rupture, coalesce
24
Q
Recurrent herpetic infections
A
herpes labialis
Vermilion border and/or the skin adjacent to it. 20-40% of individuals with primary infection.
25
Recurrent herpetic infections
Diagnosis:
- generally considered an ------------.
- ulcers in ------------.
aphtous ulceration
attached gingiva and hard palate
26
Herpes zoster-
Clinical:
Small ulcers usually on the ---------------.
- Latent in the ------------.
- ---------- lesions.
tongue, palatal and gingiva
dorsal root ganglion
Unilateral
27
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis possible mechs:
TGF-beta1 favor the accumulation of ECM.
| May be located on chromosome 2 in human.
28
Pyogenic granuloma of pregnancy-
| Commonly arises from the ---------- and has a -------------.
proximal gingival tissues
pedunculated base
29
Nonperiodonittis related abscess:
| Root morphology alterations
Iatrogenic (endodontic perforation)
External root resorption
Cemental tears
30
Lichen planus:
--------- alone is common.
Oral involvement
31
Lichen planus:
> Characteristic skin lesions
(Wickham striae).
32
Lichen planus: Various clinical appearances.
[papular, reticular, plaque-like, atrophic, ulcerative, bullous]
33
:Oral Lichenoid Lesions: *
subepithelial,band-like accumulation of lymphocytes and macrophages characteristic of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.
34
Oral Lichenoid Lesions: examples
Examples: lesions in contact with dental restorations
lesions associated with various types of medications (NSAIDs, diuretics, beta-blockers etc)
a group of systemic diseases (liver disease)
35
Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Treatment:
Take biopsy (handling is different than regular biopsy) Take sample for culture if questioning candida inf
(about 38% of OLP cases have secondary inf)
A traumatic dental plaque control
Topical corticosteroids to control pain, discomfort
36
Pemphigoid
| A group of disorders in which
autoantibodies towards components of the basement membrane result in detachment of the epithelium from the connective tissue
37
Pemphigoid: Histology:
Autoantibody reactions against hemidesmosome and
| lamina lucida components.
38
Pemphigoid: -------------- may be involved in the pathogenesis.
Complement-mediated cell destructive processes
39
Pemphigoid: Three types:
| -
Bullous
- Benign Mucous Membrane -
Cicatricial (Scar formation)
40
Pemphigoid: Nicholsky sign
[Rubbing of the gingiva creates bulla formation]
41
Pemphigoid treatment:
Treatment: Plaque removal with daily use of chlorhexidine and/or topical corticosteroid
42
Pemphigus vulgaris: Formation of ------- in skin and
| mucous membranes.
intraepithelial bullae
43
Pemphigus vulgaris: Painful ----------- lesions, erosions or ulcerations.
desquamative
44
Pemphigus vulgaris: --------- course with recurrent -------- formation. Typically in middle age or elderly.
Chronic
bulla
45
Pemphigus vulgaris: Histology:
Acantholysis (due to destruction of desmosomes) Pericellular epithelial deposits of IgG and C3.
Circulating autoantibodies against interepithelial adhesion molecules
46
Erythema multiforme: Acute, sometimes recurrent, ------------ disease affecting both mucous membranes and skin.
vesiculobullous
47
Erythema multiforme: Oral involvement occurs as much as ------------of cases.
25-60%
48
Erythema multiforme: Swollen lips often with extensive
crust formation of the
| vermilion border.
49
Erythema multiforme: -------- that rupture and leave extensive ----------.
Bullae
| ulcers
50
Erythema multiforme: Characteristic skin lesions
(iris appearance+bullae).
51
Erythema multiforme: Extensive necrosis:
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
| oral, ocular, genital, skin
52
Erythema multiforme of palatal mucosa: appears to be a ------------- precipitating by a wide range of factors including ------------
cytotoxic immune reaction towards keratinocytes
herpes simplex virus and various drugs
53
Erythema multiforme of palatal mucosa: Treatment:
Plaque control, Local/systemic
54
Lupus erythematosus- Autoimmune connective tissue disorders in which
autoantibodies form to various cellular constituents
55
Lupus erythematosus- Central --------- area with small --------- surrounded by =---------- with a periphery of -----------
(vascular lesion formed by dilatation of a group of small blood vessels)
atrophic
white dots
irradiating fine white striae
telangiectasia
56
Lupus erythematosus- Lesions can be ulcerated and cannot be differentiated from
leukoplakia or atrophic oral lichen planus
57
Lupus erythematosus- Together with characteristic skin lesions
(butterfly).
58
Lupus erythematosus- Histology:
Degeneration of --------- and increased width of the -------------.
Deposits of various----------- along the basement
membrane.
basal cells
basement membrane
Ig.s, C3 and fibrin
59
Lupus erythematosus; Discoid forms
(mild chronic which affects skin and mucous membranes
60
Lupus erythematosus: Systemic forms of the disease
(can be fatal)
61
Fibroma/ focal fibrous hyperplasia:
► A focal fibrous hyperplasia caused by .
irritation
62
Fibroma/ focal fibrous hyperplasia: -----------nodules
Sessile, well-circumscribed smooth-surfaced
63
Fibromafocal fibrous hyperplasia: ► Cell---------, ---------- collagenous tissue.
poor
| hyperplastic
64
Fibroma/focal fibrous hyperplasia: ► May show .
hyperkeratinization
65
Fibroma/focal fibrous hyperplasia: ► Differential diagnosis:
Giant cell fibroma.
66
Calcified fibroblastic granuloma:
| ►Differential diagnosis:
Pyogenic granuloma
67
Pyogenic granuloma: ---- (may resemble purulence).
Ulcerated
| ► gingival margin.
68
Pyogenic granuloma: ► ----------, sometimes lobulated, sessile or pedunculated. Bleeding is common.
Reddish or bluish
69
Pyogenic granuloma: ► Highly ------- with chronic ----------- cells.
vascular
inflammatory
70
Pyogenic granuloma: ► Differential diagnosis:
Pregnancy tumor.
71
Peripheral giant cell granuloma: location
Anywhere on the gingival mucosa.
72
Peripheral giant cell granuloma Forms:
- Pedunculated (has a stalk), sessile (broad base),
| red or purple, commonly ulcerated.
73
Peripheral giant cell granuloma: Focal collection of ------------ with a richly cellular and vascular --------- separated by ----------.
multi-nucleated osteoclast-like
giant cells
stroma
collageneous septa
74
Peripheral giant cell granuloma: - Probably originated from .
periodontal ligament
75
Peripheral giant cell granuloma: Differential diagnosis:
focal fibrous hyperplasia.
76
Periapical cemental dysplasia: ---------- lesions.
Fibrous-osseous cemental
77
Periapical cemental dysplasia: ► Tooth is usually -------.
| ► Usually --------------.
vital
no symptoms
78
Periapical cemental dysplasia: Periapical bone is replaced by ------------- through a ------------ phase.
cellular fibroblastic tissue
cementoblastic
79
Periapical cemental dysplasia: Differential diagnosis:
Cemento-ossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia.
80
Hemangioma: - Rather frequent tumors of -----------.
| - ------------, soft lesions of blue to red color.
oral mucosa
Flat or raised, sometimes lobulated
81
Hemangioma: - ----------- but may bleed. - They blanch on ----------.
Asymptomatic
pressure
82
Hemangioma two types:
Capillary and cavernous types.
83
Hemangioma: Differential diagnosis:
Mucous cysts, pyogenic granuloma.
84
Osteosarcoma:
widening of pdl is common
85
Malignant lymphoma:
Primary malignant lymphoma is --------- in the oral cavity.
► It occurs among -----------
rare
HIV-infected patients frequently
86
Metastasis to the gingiva:
The majority are -----------.
► Soft tissue metastasis from ----------.
► Most of the metastasis cases are ----------- and not -----------.
intraosseous
lung cancer
carcinoma, sarcoma
87
Benign cementoblastoma:
Slow-growing neoplasm forming hard tissue around the.
apex of a tooth
88
Benign cementoblastoma: ► Radiopacity typically surrounded by a
radiolucent margin
89
Ameloblastoma:
| ► Derived from ------------. ► Well-circumscribed ------------
odontogenic epithelium
radiolucency
90
Peripheral odontogenic tumors:
---------- gingival lesions.
Non-ulcerated sessile or pedunculated
91
Peripheral odontogenic tumors: Generally detected in the
soft tissue around unerupted
| teeth.
92
Peripheral odontogenic tumors: ► Histopathology is similar to
intraosseous forms of the tumors.
93
Verruca vulgaris (one type of papilloma):
Is less common in -------- compared to skin.
- ------------ are main locations.
oral mucosa
Lips and palate
94
```
Verruca vulgaris (one type of papilloma):
- -------------- lesion with a ------- surface.
```
Sessile, exophytic or raised
whitish
95
```
Verruca vulgaris (one type of papilloma): - ------------ surface with ------------
and elongated ------ ridges.
```
Papillomatous
hyperkeratinization
rete
96
Verruca vulgaris (one type of papilloma): - Associated with
HPV type 2 and 4.
97
Nevus
Pigmented lesion containing------------ . ► rare in the oral mucosa, mostly seen in ---------. ►
melanocytes in CT
palate
98
Nevus:
-------------- lesions or a tumor.
► ------------ or no pigmentation.
Flat, slightly raised
Brown or black
99
Nevus:
| ► ------------- located along the basal layer of epithelium.
Nevocellular or brown nevus
100
Nevus: Differential diagnosis:
Amalgam tattoo
