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Perio Exam 2 > Classification > Flashcards

Classification Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of periodontal diseases and what are they dependent upon?

A
  • Gingival diseases
  • Destructive periodontal diseases
  • the severity of destruction
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2
Q

What are the main characteristics of gingival diseases?

A
  • confined to the gingiva
  • presence of dental plaque to initiate and or exacerbate
  • severity of lesion
  • inflammation
  • no loss of attachment
  • reversibility of disease
  • precursor to attachment loss
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3
Q

What systemic factors can modify gingival diseases?

A
  • endocrine
  • blood dyscrasias
  • medications
  • nutrition
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4
Q

What are the endocrinotropic gingival diseases?

A
  • puberty
  • menstrual
  • pregnancy-associated
  • pregnancy associated pyogenic
  • diabetes melitus-associated
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5
Q

What is leukemia associated gingivitis?

A
  • a blood dyscrasia type of gingivitis
  • gingival lesions that are found in acute leukemia
  • reductions in dental plaque can limit severity of lesions
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6
Q

What are the effects of medication on gingival diseases?

A
  • drug influenced gingival enlargement

- oral contraceptive associated gingivitis

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7
Q

What is ascorbic acid-deficiency gingivitis?

A
  • malnourished individuals have compromised host defense system which may make individuals susceptible to gingivitis
  • not a strong relationship between nutrition and gingivitis
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8
Q

What are the general characteristics of chronic periodontitis?

A
  • most prevalent in adults
  • destruction consistent with local factors
  • subgingival calculus
  • variable microbial pattern
  • slow-moderate progression
  • tooth related
  • associated with systemic diseases
  • modified by environment
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9
Q

What are the classifications of chronic periodontitis?

A
  • extent: localized <30% vs. generalized >30%

- severity: slight 1-2mm CAL vs. moderate 3-4mm vs. severe 5+

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10
Q

What are the common features of aggressive periodontitis?

A
  • systemically healthy
  • rapid attachment loss and bone destruction
  • familial aggregation
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11
Q

What are the secondary features of aggressive periodontitis?

A
  • generally but may not be universally present
  • microbial deposits are inconsistent with the amount of periodontal destruction
  • elevated AA and P. gingivalis
  • phagocyte abnormalities
  • hyper-responsive macrophage phenotype (elevated PGE2 and IL-1B)
  • progression may be self-arresting
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12
Q

What are the characteristics of Localized Aggressive Periodontitis?

A
  • puberty
  • robust serum Ab response to infection
  • localized first molar/incisor presentation
  • interproximal attachment loss on @ least 2 permanent teeth (one a molar)
  • involving no more than 2 teeth other than 1st molar and incisors
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13
Q

What are the characteristics of generalized aggressive periodontitis?

A
  • usually affects persons under 30 but patients may be older
  • poor serum Ab response to infecting agents
  • pronounced episodic nature of destruction of attachment and bone
  • generalized interproximal attachment loss on @ least 3 teeth other than 1st molars and incisors
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14
Q

What other hematologic diseases are associated with periodontitis?

A
  • acquired neutropenia

- leukemias

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15
Q

What other genetic disorders are associated with periodontitis?

A
  • familial/cyclic neutropenia
  • down syndrome
  • leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome
  • papillion-lefevre (mutation in cathepsin C gene needed for survival of periodontium)
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of down syndrome periodontitis?

A
  • autosomal trisomy Chr. 21
  • severe inflammation
  • accelerated attachment loss
  • PMN chemotaxis and killing defects
17
Q

What are the characteristics of Papillion-Lefevre syndrome periodontitis?

A
  • autosomal recessive
  • rapid periodontal destruction around primary and permanent teeth
  • occurs before puberty
18
Q

What are the characteristics of Chediak-Higachi syndrome periodontitis?

A
  • autosomal recessive
  • rapid periodontal destruction around primary and permanent teeth
  • occurs before puberty
19
Q

What are the characteristics of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome IV & VIII periodontitis?

A
  • aggressive periodontitis (primary and permanent)
  • fragilitiy of gingivitis
  • excessive hemorrhage
20
Q

What is the diference between Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis and Periodontitis?

A
  • one is confined to gingival tissues

- one is confined to periodontal tissues

21
Q

What is the prevalence of necrotizing periodontal disease (NPD)?

A
  • <0.1% in developed countries

- still relevant in developing countries

22
Q

What are the early clinical signs of NPD?

A
  • necrotic lesion of papilla initially
  • progression to gingival margin
  • punched out appearance
  • spontaneous bleeding
  • pain
23
Q

What are the clinical signs of advanced lesion NPD?

A
  • lack of deep pockets
  • merging of papillary and marginal involvement
  • central necrosis results in crater formation
  • involvement of periodontal ligament and alveolarbone
24
Q

What are the characteristics of necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis?

A
  • involvement of palatal mucosa (necrotizing stomatitis)
  • involvement of regional lymph nodes
  • typically related to severe compromised immune system
  • may develop into life-threatening situation
  • white membrane of desquamated cells
  • fever and malaise
25
Q

What are the characteristics of gingival abscesses?

A
  • localized, acute, inflamed/vital pulp

- marginal and interdental tissues

26
Q

What are the characteristics of periodontal abscesses?

A
  • localized, acute/chronic inflamed/vital pulp

- moderate/deep pockets and possible bone destruction

27
Q

What are the characteristics of pericoronal abscesses?

A
  • localized, acute inflammation vital pulp

- crown of partially erupted tooth

28
Q

What are the 4 cardinal characteristics of periodontal health?

A
  • functional dentition
  • painless function
  • stability of periodontal apparatus
  • psychological and social well-being

Perio Exam 2 (20 decks)

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