Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > Sweatman - GI Cancer > Flashcards

Sweatman - GI Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What drugs are used to tx colorectal cancer?

A
  • 5-FU + Leucovorin + Oxaplatin combo = FOLFOX
    1. Can sub Irinotecan for Oxaplatin (FOLFIRI)
    2. Can also sub Capecitabine for 5-FU
  • Targeted agents: Bevacizumab (VEGF INH), Cetuximab (EGFR INH)
    1. Improve outcomes, except in pts with KRAS mutations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What drugs can be used to tx gastric cancer?

A
  • Glutamic acid
  • Trastuzumab
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What drugs can be used to tx carcinoid tumors?

A
  • Methysergide
  • Octreotide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What drugs can be used to tx GIST?

A
  • Imatinib
  • Sunitinib
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What drug can be used to tx pancreatic cancer?

A
  • Erlotinib
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What drug can be used to tx liver cancer?

A
  • Sorafenib
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the tx for anal cancer?

A
  • Radiation tx alone may lead to a 5-year survival rate in excess of 70%
  • Radiation + Cisplatin, 5-FU, Mitomycin = improved outcomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the cancer, mechanism, and issues with Bevacizumab?

A
  • Colorectal
  • rhuMAB-VEGF
  • ISSUES: bleeding, GI perforation, wound dehiscence, HTN, hypersensitivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the cancer, mechanism, and issues with Cetuximab?

A
  • Colorectal
  • rh/mMAB-EGFR
  • ISSUES: cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, and/or sudden death
    1. Infusion reactions
    2. Acneiform rash common, and severe in 17% of pts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the cancer, mechanism, and issues with Erlotinib?

A
  • Pancreas
  • EGFR-TKI
  • ISSUES: GI toxicity (N/V, diarrhea), prolonged bleeding, elevated LFT’s, ocular toxicities
    1. rarely interstitial lung disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the cancer and mechanism for glutamic acid?

A
  • Gastric
  • Nutritional supplement; used to counterbalance deficiencies of HCl in gastric juice
  • Taken orally before meals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the cancer, mechanism, and issues with Imatinib?

A
  • GIST
  • Oral TKI as adjuvant tx after complete resection of Kit (CD117) + GIST
  • ISSUES: GI toxicities -> pain, bloating, N/V, constipation, stomatitis, dyspepsia, etc. common
    1. CHF reported in some pts
    2. Neuro toxicity
    3. Fluid retention and edema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the cancer, mechanism, and issues with Leucovorin?

A
  • Used with 5-FU
  • Reduced folate that synergizes with 5-FU
  • Diarrhea and dehydration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the cancer, mechanism, and issues with Methysergide?

A
  • GI carcinoid; also used for migraine therapy
  • Serotonin INH in GI tract
  • ISSUES: vasoconstrictor of large and small arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the cancer, mechanism, and issues with Octreotide?

A
  • GI carcinoid
  • Somatostatin analog -> reduces duodenal bicarb, amylase, and gastric acidity, INH gallbladder contractility and bile secretion, and INH meal-induced INC in SMA and portal venous blood flow
  • ISSUES: monitor blood glucose b/c INH insulin and glucagon
    1. Dose- related diarrhea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sorafenib

A
  • Liver
  • Oral multi-kinase INH targeting serine/threonine and receptor tyrosine kinases in tumor and vasculature
    1. Targeted kinases incl: Raf kinase, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, PDGFR-β, KIT, fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3), and RET
  • ISSUES: hand-foot skin reaction characterized by redness, pain, swelling, or blisters on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet -> generally appears in first 6-weeks of treatment
17
Q

Sunitinib

A
  • GIST
  • INH of > 80 receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), incl PDGFRα & PDGRFβ, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, KIT, Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3), colony stimulating factor receptor Type 1 (CSR-1R), glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor receptor (RET)
  • ISSUES: thrombocytopenia and bleeding
    1. QT prolongation, sometimes fatal
    2. GI complications including GI perforation have occurred rarely in pts w/intraabdominal malignancies
18
Q

Trastuzumab

A
  • Gastric
  • HER-2/neu antibody; HER2 is downregulated, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 accumulates, and cell cycle arrest occurs. Also inhibits the constitutive HER2 cleavage/shedding mediated by metalloproteases, which may correlate with the clinical activity
  • ISSUES: LVEF dysfunction and cardiomyopathy
    1. Severe infusion-related reactions including anaphylaxis, angioedema, and pulmonary toxicity; pulmonary toxicity worse in pts with intrinsic lung disease, e.g., COPD, asthma, respiratory insufficiency

GI (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions