sustaianbility, human development U4A1 Flashcards
sustainability
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
economic sustainability definition
ensuring the average incomes in all countries are adequate to sustain a decent standard of living and continue to rise in line with inflation and living costs in the future
factors of economic sustainability
- Diversity of industries
- Meaningful employment opportunities
- trade opportunities
- economic growth
social sustainability definition
creating an equitable society that meets the needs of all citizens and can be maintained indefinitely . it is where human rights are met and all citizens are able to access resources equally
factors of social sustainability
- gender equality
- access to safe and decent working conditions
3.promotion of political and legal rights - elimination of poverty
- the provision of social protection systems
Environmental sustainability definition
ensuring the natural environment is used in a way that will preserve resources to replenish for future generations
factors of social sustainability
- use of natural resources
- ensuring climate change is minimised
- adequate waste removal and maintaining environmental purity
- biodiversity
HDI
Tool developed by the UN to measure and rank the social and economic development of a country. It is presented as a single statistic from 0 to 1 that takes into account three dimensions ( a long and healthy life, knowledge, a decent standard of living) and four indicators of human development.
Dimensions of HDI
- a long and healthy life
- knowledge
- a decent standard of living
Indicator of HDI
1.life expectancy at birth
2. mean years of school
3. expected years of schooling
4. Gross national income per capita
Advantages of HDI
- A single statistic simplifies cross-country comparison of human development, covering economic and social aspects beyond GNI.
- Ranging from 0 to 1, it enables easy tracking of development trends over time.
Limitations of HDI
- The statistic’s reliance on averages within a country may overlook internal inequalities.
- Data accuracy and availability, especially in low-income countries, can be inconsistent.
Concepts of human development
-develop to full potential
-leading a long, healthy and productive life
-expansion of choices and capabilities
-Access to a decent standard of living, resources and freedom
-participate in the community and live according to individual needs and interests