Models of health U3A1 Flashcards
Old Public Health
introduced during 1900s when the primary cause of death in Australia was COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, so the focus was on changing the PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT.
New Public Health
The New Public Health approach identifies that there are a number of PHYSICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL and SOCIO-CULTURAL factors that can impact on health. The aim is to prevent illness, disease, and injury from occurring by MODIFYING THE RISK FACTORS.
The Biomedical model of Health
The Biomedical Model of Health focuses on the PHYSICAL of BIOLOGICAL aspects of disease and illness. Focuses on diagnosis, treatment, and cure of disease.
The Social Model of Health
An approach to health care that recognises that improvements in health and wellbeing can only be achieved by directing effort towards addressing the PHYSICAL, SOCIO-CULTURAL, and ENVIRONMENTAL factors of health that have an impact on individuals and POPULATION GROUPS. HEALTH PROMOTION is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and improve, their health.
The Ottawa Charter of Health
The Ottawa Charter is ‘an approach to health development by the World Health Organization which attempts to reduce inequalities in health.’ It was developed from the Social Model of Health. The Ottawa Charter identifies three strategies for health promotion; MEDIATE, ADVOCATE AND ENABLE.
The Australian Health Care System
Focuses on the treatment of illness, the rehabilitation of the ill, preventionn of illness and the promotion of health. The system lies on bouth BIOMEDICAL and PREVENTATIVE health care.
Medicare
Medicare is Australia’s universal health insurance scheme. It provides free or subsidized medical treatment to all Australians.
The Medicare levy
most taxpayers will pay an extra 2% of their taxable income towards Medicare. People with low incomes are exempt from this.
The Medicare levy surcharge
high income earners without private health insurance pay an additional 1-1.5% tax (depending on income) on top of the Medicare levy.
General taxation
the costs of Medicare is not met just by the Medicare levy and the Medicare levy surcharge. The additional costs are covered through general income tax revenue.
Medicare safety net
The Medicare Safety Net provides extra financial support for those that experience significant out of pocket costs for Medicare services in a 12-month period
Medicare safety net
The Medicare Safety Net provides extra financial support for those that experience significant out of pocket costs for Medicare services in a 12-month period
Private Health Insurance
Private health insurance is an optional additional health insurance which members pay a premium (fee) in return for payment towards health-related costs not covered by Medicare.
Pharmaceutical Benefit scheme
Provides essential medicines at a subsidised cost to all Australians (patients pay co-payment). The PBS Safety Net assist individuals and families if their out-of-pocket expenditure on PBS listed medicines exceed a certain amount in a 12-month period.
Natonal Disability Insurance Scheme
The new way of providing support for Australians with disqbility, their families and carers. The NDIS supports people with disability to build skills + capability so they can participate in the community + employment.
