Survival Needs

Question 1

Survival needs

Answer 1

The necessary factors, such as nutrients (food), oxygen, water, and appropriate temperature and atmospheric pressure, needed for all body systems to maintain life.

Question 2

Nutrients

Answer 2

Taken in via the diet, contain the chemical substances used for energy and cell building; carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, fats, & proteins (p. 8)

Question 3

Oxygen

Answer 3

Chemical reactions that release energy from foods are oxidative reactions that require oxygen; human cells can only survive a few minutes without oxygen; cooperative efforts of cardiovascular and respiratory systems make oxygen available to all blood and body cells

Question 4

Water

Answer 4

Accounts for 50-60% of our body weight; single most abundant chemical substance in the body; provides watery environment necessary for chemical reactions and the fluid base for body recreation and excretions; gain it from foods and liquids; lose it from evaporation from the lungs and skin and body excretions

Question 5

Normal Body Temperature

Answer 5

This must be maintained if chemical reactions are to continue at life-sustaining rates; metabolic reactions slow down as body temps drops below 98.6 F; & chemical reactions occur at a frantic pace when temperatures are too high, causing proteins to lose their structure and functioning capabilities; muscular system generates most body heat

Question 6

Appropriate atmospheric pressure

Answer 6

The force that air exerts on the surface of the body; breathing and gas exchange in the lungs depend on AAP; gas exchange may be inadequate to support cellular metabolism at high altitudes (low AP)